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Pathogenesis and biomarkers of colorectal cancer by epigenetic alteration

Chang Kyo Oh1, Young-Seok Cho2

  • 1Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Intestinal Research
|January 31, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Colorectal cancer (CRC) involves genetic and epigenetic changes. Epigenetic alterations are emerging as key biomarkers for CRC early detection, prognosis, and treatment response.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Epigenetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide.
  • CRC development involves accumulating genetic and epigenetic alterations affecting critical cellular processes.
  • Epigenetic changes, including DNA methylation and noncoding RNA dysregulation, are hallmarks of cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the fundamental principles of epigenetic changes in CRC.
  • To examine the role of epigenetic modifications as biomarkers for CRC.
  • To discuss their application in early detection, prognosis, and predicting treatment response.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of CRC epigenetics.
  • Analysis of genomic technologies for biomarker discovery.
  • Synthesis of current research on epigenetic biomarkers in CRC.

Main Results:

  • Epigenetic alterations are integral to CRC tumorigenesis.
  • Genomic technologies facilitate the identification of epigenetic biomarkers.
  • These biomarkers show promise for clinical applications in CRC management.

Conclusions:

  • Epigenetic modifications are crucial in colorectal cancer development.
  • Emerging epigenetic biomarkers offer potential for improved CRC diagnostics and therapeutics.
  • Further research is needed to fully translate these findings into clinical practice.
Keywords:
BiomarkersColorectal neoplasmsDiagnosisEpigeneticPrognosis

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