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Related Concept Videos

Functional Classification of Joints01:09

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Functional Classification of Joints
The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses  or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
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In anatomy, several standard anatomical positions are used as references for describing the position and orientation of different body parts. These positions help provide a common frame of reference when discussing anatomical structures. The anatomical position is the standard reference point for describing the body's position and orientation. In this position:
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Knowledge of anatomy is essential to understand human biology and medicine. Anatomists and health care professionals use standard terminology to describe the human body with more precision and no ambiguity. Anatomical terms have mostly Greek and Latin-derived roots. Because these languages are rarely used in conversation, the meaning of words remains the same. Each term is made up of a root in between the prefixes and suffixes. The root of a term often refers to an organ, tissue, or condition,...
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The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
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The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...
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Acetabular retroversion: functional or anatomical?

Mark R J Jenkinson1, Tin C C Cheung2, Johan Witt3

  • 1Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK.

The Bone & Joint Journal
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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acetabular retroversion (AR) is a structural abnormality involving pelvic rotation and sagittal positioning. Patient positioning significantly impacts AR measurements, crucial for surgical planning.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic surgery
  • Radiology
  • Anatomy

Background:

  • Acetabular retroversion (AR) is a condition affecting hip joint biomechanics.
  • Understanding AR's nature, whether structural or functional, is key for effective treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if acetabular retroversion (AR) is a structural pelvic abnormality or a functional positioning phenomenon.
  • To assess the impact of patient-specific functional positioning on AR extent.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative radiological study of AR patients and asymptomatic controls.
  • CT scans analyzed for pelvic rotation and acetabular version, with sagittal plane alignment.
  • Measurements correlated with pelvic tilt in standing and supine positions.

Main Results:

  • AR patients exhibited increased hemipelvis external rotation and iliac wing anterior projection.
  • Acetabular retroversion was more pronounced in the supine position compared to standing.
  • Changes in acetabular version directly correlated with sagittal pelvic tilt.

Conclusions:

  • Symptomatic AR involves both hemipelvic rotation and iliac wing morphology.
  • Functional pelvic positioning significantly influences AR measurements.
  • Findings are critical for surgeons planning periacetabular osteotomy for AR correction.