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Self-organization from organs to embryoids by activin in early amphibian development.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2025

Three and Four-Dimensional Visualization and Analysis Approaches to Study Vertebrate Axial Elongation and Segmentation
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Spemann-Mangold organizer and mesoderm induction.

Makoto Asashima1, Yumeko Satou-Kobayashi1

  • 1Advanced Comprehensive Research Organization, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan.

Cells & Development
|January 31, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Researchers explored embryonic induction, from classical experiments to molecular mechanisms. Activin

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Embryology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • The Spemann-Mangold organizer discovery spurred research into embryonic induction.
  • Classical embryology provided foundational theories on region-specific and chain induction.
  • The shift to developmental biology enabled molecular-level understanding of induction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the history and mechanisms of embryonic induction.
  • To highlight molecular factors involved in organizer formation.
  • To discuss in vitro organogenesis and regenerative medicine applications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of historical experimental embryology.
  • Analysis of molecular mechanisms of embryonic induction.
  • Examination of activin's role in inducing mesoderm and endoderm.
Keywords:
ActivinGene expressionInducing factorMesoderm inductionSpemann-Mangold organizer

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Main Results:

  • Identified key inducing substances like transcriptional factors and peptide growth factors.
  • Activin identified as a crucial mesoderm- and endoderm-inducing substance.
  • Activin demonstrates concentration-dependent induction of tissues/organs in amphibians.

Conclusions:

  • Molecular insights into embryonic induction have advanced developmental biology.
  • Activin's role provides a basis for understanding in vitro organogenesis.
  • Findings support potential applications in stem cell-based regenerative medicine.