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Related Concept Videos

Acid Suppressive Drugs for Peptic Ulcer Disease: Proton Pump Inhibitors01:13

Acid Suppressive Drugs for Peptic Ulcer Disease: Proton Pump Inhibitors

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Peptic ulcers, often induced by H. pylori infections or NSAID usage, arise from disruptions in the delicate balance of gastric acid production. Peptic ulcers stem from heightened gastric acid levels due to H. pylori infections or NSAID use. The protective mucus layer diminishes in the presence of these factors, allowing gastric acid to erode the stomach lining and form ulcers.
Gastric acid, a potent cocktail of hydrogen and chloride ions, is produced in specialized parietal cells within the...
433
Treating Helicobacter pylori in Peptic Ulcers: Antimicrobial Therapy01:16

Treating Helicobacter pylori in Peptic Ulcers: Antimicrobial Therapy

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Helicobacter pylori, a resilient gram-negative bacterium, can thrive in the stomach's harsh, acidic environment. Infection with H. pylori leads to a cascade of events within the stomach lining. One of the critical disruptions caused by this bacterium is the interference with somatostatin production, a hormone responsible for regulating acid secretion. This interference tips the balance, escalating acid secretion and diminishing bicarbonate levels. This imbalance compromises the defensive...
407
Peptic Ulcer Disease I: Introduction01:30

Peptic Ulcer Disease I: Introduction

168
Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) is characterized by mucosal excavation in the esophagus, stomach, pylorus, or duodenum. It can manifest as acute or chronic based on the extent and duration of mucosal involvement.
An acute ulcer, marked by superficial erosion and minimal inflammation, swiftly resolves upon identifying and addressing the underlying cause. In contrast, a chronic ulcer persists, potentially eroding through the muscular wall and forming fibrous tissue.
Peptic ulcers can also be...
168
Peptic Ulcer Disease IV: Management01:26

Peptic Ulcer Disease IV: Management

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Medical treatment strategies for peptic ulcers encompass various methods. The primary goal of treatment is to diminish gastric acidity and strengthen mucosal defense mechanisms.
The therapeutic approach involves ensuring adequate rest, implementing drug therapy, promoting smoking cessation, making dietary modifications, and emphasizing long-term follow-up care.
Pharmacological management
The prevailing therapy for peptic ulcers involves a combination of managing the patient's current...
93
Pathophysiology of Peptic Ulcer Disease: Mucosal Defense Factors01:24

Pathophysiology of Peptic Ulcer Disease: Mucosal Defense Factors

430
Peptic ulcer disease, commonly called PUD, represents a multifaceted condition characterized by disruptions in the lining of the gastrointestinal (GI)  tract. Central to the protection of the gastrointestinal lining is the mucosal-bicarbonate barrier. This physiological defense mechanism is a formidable shield against the corrosive effects of gastric acid and pepsin secretion in the stomach. Its role is pivotal in maintaining the structural integrity of the stomach's inner lining.
430
Pathophysiology of Peptic Ulcer Disease: Injurious Factors01:22

Pathophysiology of Peptic Ulcer Disease: Injurious Factors

592
Peptic ulcers are sores on the stomach's inner lining and the upper small intestine, which are the result of disruptions in the mucosal layer that houses parietal cells which produce gastric acid, and chief cells which secrete pepsinogen.
In the antrum region, G cells secrete the gastrin hormone that binds to gastrin-cholecystokinin-B (CCK2) receptors on parietal and enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells in the fundic glands. Simultaneously, the vagus nerve releases acetylcholine, which binds...
592

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Povidone Iodine Rectal Preparation at Time of Prostate Needle Biopsy is a Simple and Reproducible Means to Reduce Risk of Procedural Infection
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Proton-Pump Inhibitors and Risk of Bloodstream Infection without an Identifiable Source: a Hospital-Based

Shintaro Hayashi1, Tomohito Moriyama1, Yuichiro Ito1

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology, Ichinomiya Nishi Hospital, Japan.

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases
|January 31, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) use is linked to a higher risk of bloodstream infections (BSI) without a clear source. This suggests PPIs may increase the likelihood of BSI due to bacterial translocation.

Keywords:
bacteremiabacterial translocationbloodstream infectionproton-pump inhibitors

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • The link between proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) use and systemic infections from bacterial translocation remains uncertain.
  • Investigating the potential increased risk of bloodstream infections (BSI) in patients on PPI therapy is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if patients using PPIs have a greater risk of developing bloodstream infections (BSI) without an identifiable source.
  • To explore the association between PPI therapy and bacterial translocation-type (BT-type) BSI.

Main Methods:

  • A hospital-based case-control study was conducted at Ichinomiya Nishi Hospital in 2019.
  • Included patients aged 20+ with confirmed BSI via blood cultures.
  • Defined BT-type BSI as infections without an identifiable source; controls had BSI with a source.

Main Results:

  • Analyzed data from 309 patients (66 cases, 243 controls).
  • PPI users showed a 2.4-fold higher risk of BT-type BSI compared to non-users (aOR: 2.41, 95% CI: 1.29-4.51, P = 0.006).

Conclusions:

  • Proton-pump inhibitor use is associated with an elevated risk of bloodstream infections lacking an identifiable source.
  • Findings suggest PPIs may contribute to an increased risk of BSI secondary to bacterial translocation.