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Related Concept Videos

The Replisome03:01

The Replisome

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DNA replication is carried out by a large complex of proteins that act in a coordinated matter to achieve high-fidelity DNA replication. Together this complex is known as the DNA replication machinery or the replisome.
The synthesis of the leading and lagging strands is a highly coordinated process. To explain this, the “Trombone model” was proposed by Bruce Alberts in 1980. The DNA loop formation starts when a primer is synthesized on the parent lagging strand. The loop grows with...
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Restarting Stalled Replication Forks02:37

Restarting Stalled Replication Forks

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DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart,...
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DNA Helicases00:55

DNA Helicases

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DNA unwinding helicase enzymes are a type of motor protein. Motor proteins can translocate along filaments or polymers using energy generated from ATP hydrolysis. Helicases are involved in all the important cellular processes where DNA unwinding is required, such as DNA replication, repair, recombination, and transcription. They are present in all living organisms, but vary in their structure, function, and mechanism of action. For example, in prokaryotes, DnaB helicase binds and translocates...
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Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

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The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
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Translesion DNA Polymerases02:10

Translesion DNA Polymerases

10.0K
Translesion (TLS) polymerases rescue stalled DNA polymerases at sites of damaged bases by replacing the replicative polymerase and installing a nucleotide across the damaged site. Doing so, TLS allows additional time for the cell to repair the damage before resuming regular DNA replication.
TLS polymerases are found in all three domains of life - archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes. Of the different classes of TLS polymerases, members of the Y family are fitted with specialized structures that...
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Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation02:53

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

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Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2025

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Motion Dynamics of the Eukaryotic Replisome Components at the Single-Molecule Level
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Deciphering the molecular functionality of Cdc45 in replisomal complex.

Arathi Radhakrishnan1, Chandresh Sharma2, Viveka Nand Malviya3

  • 1Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pardesh, Noida, India.

Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports
|February 1, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study investigates the biochemical roles of Cdc45, a cell cycle factor crucial for DNA replication. Findings reveal its association with DNA replication stress and provide new insights into its replisomal functions.

Keywords:
Cdc45DHH superfamilyDNA replicationGenomic integrityReplisome

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Author Spotlight: Unraveling the Dynamics of Eukaryotic DNA Replication Through Single-Molecule Visualization
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Visualization of Replisome Encounters with an Antigen Tagged Blocking Lesion
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Author Spotlight: Investigating the Motion Dynamics of the Eukaryotic Replisome Components at the Single-Molecule Level
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Author Spotlight: Unraveling the Dynamics of Eukaryotic DNA Replication Through Single-Molecule Visualization
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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The DHH superfamily comprises enzymes with diverse roles in DNA replication, repair, and RNA metabolism.
  • Cell cycle factor Cdc45 is essential for replication fork progression and replisome assembly.
  • The precise biochemical functions and molecular interactions of Cdc45 remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the biochemical roles of Cdc45 within the replisomal complex.
  • To investigate the molecular interactions of Cdc45 with other replication factors.
  • To explore the involvement of Cdc45 in DNA replication stress responses.

Main Methods:

  • Biochemical assays to determine enzymatic activities.
  • Analysis of protein-protein interactions within the replisome.
  • In vivo studies to observe Cdc45 levels under DNA damage conditions.

Main Results:

  • Cdc45 exhibits specific molecular interactions within the replisomal complex.
  • Alterations in Cdc45 protein levels were observed upon induction of DNA damage in vivo.
  • These findings suggest a role for Cdc45 in managing DNA replication stress.

Conclusions:

  • Cdc45 is a key replisomal factor with significant biochemical functions.
  • Cdc45 plays a role in the cellular response to DNA replication stress.
  • Further research into Cdc45's molecular mechanisms will enhance understanding of DNA replication fidelity.