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Related Concept Videos

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder01:27

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

35
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric condition that arises following exposure to traumatic events such as natural disasters, forced displacement, or severe accidents. It significantly impairs individuals' ability to cope with daily activities and disrupts their emotional and psychological equilibrium.
Symptoms and Behavioral Manifestations
A spectrum of distressing symptoms characterizes PTSD. Recurrent flashbacks, where individuals involuntarily relive traumatic events,...
35
Traumatic Memory01:20

Traumatic Memory

90
Emotionally traumatic events often lead to memories that are exceptionally vivid and enduring, sometimes persisting with remarkable clarity throughout an individual's life. A classic example of this phenomenon is a person who survives a car accident. Even years later, they may recall every detail of the event with startling accuracy — the screeching of the tires, the jarring impact, and the acrid smell of burning rubber. Such vividness contrasts sharply with how an individual...
90
Dissociative Disorders01:27

Dissociative Disorders

115
Dissociative disorders represent complex psychological conditions characterized by disruptions in consciousness, memory, identity, or perception. These disruptions cause individuals to experience a disconnection from their thoughts, emotions, and memories. The phenomenon is not merely an occasional lapse in attention but a profound alteration in mental functioning that can severely impact daily life.
Dissociative Fugue
A hallmark feature of dissociative disorders is the dissociative fugue...
115
Repressed Memory01:16

Repressed Memory

89
Repressed memories are a psychological phenomenon where memories of traumatic events are unconsciously blocked from a person's awareness. This process occurs as a defense mechanism, protecting the mind from the emotional impact of distressing or painful experiences. For example, a person who has experienced childhood trauma may grow up with no conscious recollection of the event. In such cases, the memories are thought to be buried deep within the subconscious, inaccessible to the conscious...
89
Dissociative Identity Disorder01:30

Dissociative Identity Disorder

115
Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), previously termed multiple personality disorder, is a complex psychological condition characterized by the presence of two or more distinct identities or personality states. Each identity exhibits unique patterns of behavior, voice, and mannerisms and may possess separate memories and emotional responses. The alternating control between identities can result in memory gaps and challenges in recalling daily activities, often exacerbating the individual's...
115
Dissociative Amnesia01:21

Dissociative Amnesia

112
Dissociative amnesia is a complex psychological condition that manifests as an inability to recall personal information, often tied to traumatic or stressful events. Unlike general amnesia, individuals with this condition retain the ability to perform routine activities and procedural tasks, such as operating a phone or navigating public transportation, yet experience profound gaps in autobiographical memory. These lapses may encompass significant life events, such as suicide attempts or...
112

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2025

Developing Neuroimaging Phenotypes of the Default Mode Network in PTSD: Integrating the Resting State, Working Memory, and Structural Connectivity
10:43

Developing Neuroimaging Phenotypes of the Default Mode Network in PTSD: Integrating the Resting State, Working Memory, and Structural Connectivity

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Intrusive Traumatic Re-Experiencing Domain: Functional Connectivity Feature Classification by the ENIGMA PTSD

Benjamin Suarez-Jimenez1, Amit Lazarov2,3, Xi Zhu3

  • 1Del Monte Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York.

Biological Psychiatry Global Open Science
|February 1, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) can distinguish trauma-exposed individuals from those with PTSD or the Intrusive Traumatic Re-experiencing Domain (ITRED). However, rsFC did not effectively differentiate PTSD from ITRED-only groups.

Keywords:
ITREDMachine learningPTSDRe-experiencingResting-state functional connectivityTrauma exposure

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Computational Psychiatry

Background:

  • The Intrusive Traumatic Re-experiencing Domain (ITRED) is a new concept focusing on involuntary re-experiencing symptoms in posttraumatic psychopathology.
  • ITRED proposes a novel perspective on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) research, emphasizing intrusive memories, nightmares, and flashbacks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural network connectivity patterns associated with the Intrusive Traumatic Re-experiencing Domain (ITRED).
  • To explore the utility of resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) in classifying individuals with PTSD, ITRED-only, and trauma-exposed-only (TE-only).

Main Methods:

  • Utilized resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) data from 584 participants across 9 sites in the ENIGMA PTSD Consortium.
  • Employed a machine learning approach (random forest classification) to differentiate between PTSD, ITRED-only, and TE-only groups based on rsFC signatures.
  • Validated classification model performance using cross-validation and an independent test dataset, evaluating the area under the curve (AUC).

Main Results:

  • rsFC signatures achieved approximately 60% accuracy in differentiating TE-only participants from both PTSD and ITRED-only groups.
  • Classification accuracy was lower (45%) when attempting to differentiate between PTSD and ITRED-only individuals using rsFC.
  • Default mode network (DMN) pathways were common features differentiating TE-only participants from PTSD and ITRED-only groups, while frontoparietal network connectivity showed unique differentiating patterns.

Conclusions:

  • Neural network connectivity provides a neurobiologically based foundation for classifying posttrauma psychopathology, supporting ITRED as a distinct domain.
  • Findings suggest that rsFC can differentiate general trauma exposure from specific posttraumatic symptom clusters, but distinguishing between PTSD and ITRED requires further investigation.