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AI-Enhanced Healthcare: Not a new Paradigm for Informed Consent.

¹School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. michal.pruski@postgrad.manchester.ac.uk.

Journal of Bioethical Inquiry

|February 1, 2024

Summary

Informed patient consent for artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare is debated. Current UK laws adequately cover AI-enhanced care, prioritizing patient choice and regulation over complex consent.

Keywords:

Artificial intelligence Clinical informatics GDPR Health informatics Patient consent

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Area of Science:

Medical Ethics
Health Informatics
Digital Health Law

Background:

Growing adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare necessitates ethical considerations regarding patient consent.
The UK's National Health Service (NHS) faces challenges in integrating AI while upholding patient rights.
Ethical guidelines from the World Health Organization (WHO) highlight the need for non-discriminatory AI-enhanced care and question existing consent precedents.

Purpose of the Study:

To examine the adequacy of current UK patient consent laws for AI-enhanced healthcare.
To explore the implications of AI adoption on patient choice and the patient-clinician relationship.
To propose optimal strategies for safeguarding patients from potential harms of AI in healthcare.

Main Methods:

Analysis of UK law concerning patient consent.
Review of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in the context of AI in healthcare.
Discussion of WHO claims regarding AI-enhanced care and patient consent.
Exploration of future healthcare access models and ethical considerations.

Main Results:

Existing UK legal standards for patient consent are deemed sufficient for AI-enhanced care.
Patient access to non-AI-enhanced healthcare may become limited in the future, mirroring automated processes.
The focus remains on patient choice and maintaining veracity within the patient-clinician dynamic.

Conclusions:

Overly burdensome patient consent processes are not the optimal solution for AI integration.
Effective evaluation and regulation of AI technologies are crucial for patient protection.
Balancing innovation with ethical patient care requires a nuanced approach to consent and oversight.