Radiation Oncology Workforce: Supply and Demand.

Area of Science:

• Medical Education
• Oncology
• Health Workforce Studies

Background:

• Radiation oncology has seen a continuous decline in residency applicants since 2017.
• This trend has led to a significant number of unfilled positions in radiation oncology residencies.
• Multiple factors contribute to this decline, impacting the specialty's future workforce.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze the multifactorial causes behind the decreasing number of radiation oncology residency applicants.
• To explore lessons learned from diagnostic radiology and other medical specialties facing similar challenges.
• To propose actionable solutions for improving recruitment and ensuring a diverse workforce in radiation oncology.

Main Methods:

• Review of trends in radiation oncology residency applications and unmatched positions.
• Analysis of cited factors including job market concerns, board examination pass rates, and medical student exposure.
• Comparative analysis with experiences in diagnostic radiology and other medical specialties.

Main Results:

• Radiation oncology residency applications have declined for five consecutive years.
• Key contributing factors include concerns about future employment, lower pass rates on radiation biology and physics board exams (2018), and insufficient early exposure in medical school.
• The field faces challenges in attracting and retaining a sufficient number of trainees.

Conclusions:

• Addressing the decline in radiation oncology residency applicants requires a multifaceted approach.
• Learning from other specialties' experiences can inform effective strategies.
• Implementing proposed solutions is crucial for securing a robust and diverse future workforce to meet patient needs.