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Published on: March 1, 2019
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Young children's development after forced displacement: a systematic review.
Katharina Bernhardt1, Saskia Le Beherec2,3, Jana R Uppendahl2
1Chair of Social Pediatrics, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany. katharina.bernhardt@tum.de.
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health
|February 2, 2024
Summary
Forced displacement significantly impacts young children's social-emotional and cognitive development. Stable conditions and early integration support refugee children's well-being and development.
Area of Science:
- Developmental Psychology
- Forced Displacement Studies
- Child Psychology
Background:
- Forced displacement due to political violence profoundly affects children.
- Understanding the developmental impacts on young children (0-6 years) is crucial.
- Identifying factors influencing these outcomes is essential for targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of displacement on social-emotional and cognitive development in young children.
- To identify key factors influencing developmental outcomes in children exposed to forced displacement.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search across multiple databases (MEDLINE, Web of Science, etc.).
- Inclusion of studies on children directly exposed to forced displacement from political violence.
- Synthesis of results from 32 selected studies involving 6,878 children, using harvest plots.
Main Results:
- Diverse outcomes measured, including peer relations, prosocial behavior, family functioning, play, intelligence, learning, and language.
- Negative influences identified: repeated adverse experiences, parental separation, parental distress, and poor resettlement quality/duration.
- Positive influences: secure and stable living conditions.
Conclusions:
- Secure and stable environments are vital protective factors for children's development.
- Policies promoting refugee family integration into society are recommended.
- Early access to health and education services can mitigate negative displacement consequences.
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