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Mg-based implants with a sandwiched composite coating simultaneously facilitate antibacterial and osteogenic
Han Wu1, Mengjiao Yu1, Shutao Zhang2
1National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China. jpei@sjtu.edu.cn.
Journal of Materials Chemistry. B
|February 2, 2024
Summary
This study developed a novel magnesium implant coating that provides sustained antibacterial effects and promotes bone growth. The enhanced implant shows great potential for orthopedic applications by improving implant longevity and patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Orthopedic Engineering
- Drug Delivery Systems
Background:
- Magnesium (Mg)-based orthopedic implants face limitations due to insufficient antibacterial properties and rapid degradation.
- Existing treatments often struggle to balance antibacterial efficacy with controlled degradation and bone integration.
- There is a need for advanced implant coatings that address these challenges for improved clinical outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a sandwiched composite coating for magnesium-based implants to enhance antibacterial effects and control degradation.
- To investigate the in vitro and in vivo performance of the coated implant, focusing on degradation, drug release, antibacterial activity, cytocompatibility, and osteogenic potential.
- To evaluate the synergistic effects of triclosan (TCS) and Mg2+ on antibacterial and osteogenic properties.
Main Methods:
- A sandwiched composite coating was prepared on JDBM (Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr) implants, featuring a triclosan (TCS)-loaded poly(lactic acid) (PLA) inner layer and a brushite (DCPD) outer layer.
- In vitro degradation tests, drug release studies, antibacterial assays against S. aureus, S. epidermidis, and E. coli, and cytotoxicity assessments were performed.
- In vivo studies involved femur osteomyelitis and osseointegration models in rats to evaluate bacterial colonization, bone formation, and implant integration.
Main Results:
- The coated JDBM implant demonstrated significantly improved corrosion resistance and a moderate degradation rate.
- Controllable and sustained release of TCS was observed for over two weeks in vitro, achieving >99.8% antibacterial rates against tested pathogens.
- The coated implant showed excellent cytocompatibility, enhanced cell adhesion and proliferation, reduced bacterial attachment in vivo, and superior new bone formation compared to control groups.
Conclusions:
- The sandwiched composite coating effectively enhances the antibacterial activity and osteogenic properties of magnesium-based orthopedic implants.
- The controlled release of TCS and Mg2+ offers a synergistic approach to simultaneously address infection and promote bone healing.
- This coated JDBM implant exhibits significant potential for clinical translation in orthopedic applications.
