Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle01:30

Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle

514
The ovarian cycle is meticulously regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This cycle orchestrates the release of a mature oocyte, essential for reproduction.
Before puberty, the hypothalamus releases GnRH in a low frequency, low amplitude pulsatile manner. This along with the immature hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity, results in low estrogen levels and the absence of a fully functional ovarian cycle.  At puberty, GnRH secretion increases in both frequency and...
514
Oogenesis02:07

Oogenesis

63.7K
In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
63.7K
Ovarian Cycle01:27

Ovarian Cycle

1.2K
The menstrual cycle includes a critical component known as the ovarian cycle, which undergoes two main phases each month—the follicular phase and the luteal phase. The follicular phase is variable and averaging around 14 days. Ovulation, triggered by a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH), marks the transition between the two phases. The second phase, the luteal phase, is relatively consistent, lasting approximately 14 days, and is marked by the activity of the corpus luteum. While a cycle...
1.2K
Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle01:22

Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle

391
The ovarian cycle regulates endometrial changes throughout a single menstrual cycle via the coordinated action of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadotrophins.
At puberty, GnRH begins a pulsatile release pattern, which triggers the anterior pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The frequency and amplitude of GnRH pulses vary across the menstrual cycle, with faster pulses favoring LH release and slower pulses favoring FSH...
391
Disorders of the Female Reproductive System01:24

Disorders of the Female Reproductive System

363
The female reproductive system can be affected by several disorders, including Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS), Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), endometriosis, and various forms of cancer. PMS and PMDD are cyclical conditions that cause physical and emotional distress, with symptoms that include edema, mood swings, and food cravings. PMDD is a more severe form of PMS characterized by increased symptom severity that peaks during the luteal phase and tends to improve or resolve shortly after...
363
Folliculogenesis01:20

Folliculogenesis

779
Folliculogenesis is the development of ovarian follicles, the specialized structures within the ovarian cortex where oogenesis, or egg development, occurs. This process is essential for female reproductive health and begins during fetal development when primordial follicles are formed. Each primordial follicle comprises a primary oocyte in the center, surrounded by a single layer of squamous pre-granulosa cells. These follicles remain dormant in late prophase I of meiosis until triggered by...
779

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Propionate Enhances the Browning of Adipose Mesenteric Tissue, Reduces Inflammation, and Increases Thermogenic Activity.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism·2025
Same author

A Novel Mutation in a Family With Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 and Aggressive Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors.

AACE clinical case reports·2025
Same author

The use of the FRAX® tool and its adjustments in women living with diabetes: a cohort study in primary care in Brazil.

Archives of osteoporosis·2024
Same author

Phase angle and body composition in long-term type 1 diabetes in adults: a comparative study in a Brazilian public reference outpatient clinic.

Diabetology & metabolic syndrome·2024
Same author

Comparison of self-assessed and clinician-assessed hirsutism diagnosed according to the modified Ferriman-Gallwey scale among female outpatients in Brazil.

Archives of endocrinology and metabolism·2024
Same author

Revisiting the utility of simplified Ferriman-Gallwey score (sFG) to predict hirsutism in Latin American women.

Archives of dermatological research·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2025

Evaluation of Hepatic Glucose Production in a Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Mouse Model
09:44

Evaluation of Hepatic Glucose Production in a Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Mouse Model

Published on: March 5, 2022

3.0K

Understanding hirsutism in PCOS.

Talita Fischer Oliveira1, Fabio Vasconcellos Comim1

  • 1Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.

Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism
|February 2, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This review addresses challenges in diagnosing hirsutism, a key PCOS symptom. It explores ethnic variations, menopausal changes, and future AI applications for better quality of life.

Keywords:
HirsutismPCOSexcessive hair growrhhyperandrogenismmodified ferriman-gallwey scale

More Related Videos

A Hyperandrogenic Mouse Model to Study Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
08:20

A Hyperandrogenic Mouse Model to Study Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Published on: October 2, 2018

11.2K
Author Spotlight: Investigating the Mechanisms and Inducing Models of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
04:49

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Mechanisms and Inducing Models of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Published on: July 5, 2024

1.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 4, 2025

Evaluation of Hepatic Glucose Production in a Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Mouse Model
09:44

Evaluation of Hepatic Glucose Production in a Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Mouse Model

Published on: March 5, 2022

3.0K
A Hyperandrogenic Mouse Model to Study Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
08:20

A Hyperandrogenic Mouse Model to Study Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Published on: October 2, 2018

11.2K
Author Spotlight: Investigating the Mechanisms and Inducing Models of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
04:49

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Mechanisms and Inducing Models of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Published on: July 5, 2024

1.0K

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Women's Health
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Hirsutism is a common symptom of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS).
  • Hyperandrogenism in PCOS presents diagnostic and quality-of-life challenges.
  • Understanding hirsutism is crucial for managing PCOS effectively.

Approach:

  • A narrative review of indexed literature was conducted.
  • Explored ethnic variations in modified Ferriman-Gallwey (mFG) scores.
  • Examined hirsutism in peri- and postmenopausal women and the role of oxyandrogens.

Key Points:

  • Establishing standardized mFG cutoff values across ethnicities remains complex.
  • Hirsutism presentation and management may differ during menopause.
  • Oxyandrogens play a role in hyperandrogenic conditions like PCOS.

Conclusions:

  • Hirsutism significantly impacts mental health, causing anxiety and depression.
  • Future diagnostic approaches may involve artificial intelligence (AI).
  • Addressing patient distress from excessive hair growth is essential for holistic care.