Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 4, 2025
09:53
In Vivo Nanovector Delivery of a Heart-specific MicroRNA-sponge
Published on: June 15, 2018
7.4K
Unlocking the dark matter: noncoding RNAs and RNA modifications in cardiac aging
Jiayi Kang1, James Rhee1,2, Chunyan Wang1
1Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.
American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology
|February 2, 2024
Summary
Cardiac aging leads to heart failure, necessitating new treatments. Noncoding RNAs, including RNA modifications, are key players in heart aging and offer potential therapeutic targets for improving cardiac function in the elderly.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular biology
- Molecular genetics
- Aging research
Background:
- Cardiac aging involves structural and functional changes, increasing heart failure risk.
- The aging population necessitates interventions for age-related cardiac decline.
- Noncoding RNAs are crucial regulators in cellular processes and cardiac disease.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of noncoding RNAs in cardiac aging.
- To highlight RNA modification mechanisms controlling noncoding RNA activity.
- To discuss noncoding RNAs as potential therapeutics for cardiac aging.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of noncoding RNAs in cardiac aging.
- Analysis of RNA modification mechanisms.
- Exploration of therapeutic strategies targeting noncoding RNAs.
Main Results:
- Noncoding RNAs significantly influence cardiac aging processes.
- RNA modifications critically regulate noncoding RNA function in the aging heart.
- Noncoding RNAs present promising therapeutic avenues for cardiac aging.
Conclusions:
- Noncoding RNAs are vital in cardiac aging.
- Understanding RNA modifications is key to targeting noncoding RNAs.
- Noncoding RNA-based therapies hold potential for combating cardiac aging.
Related Concept Videos
01:53RNA Stability
33.5K
Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
33.5K
02:39lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs
8.6K
In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
8.6K
02:31Nuclear Export of mRNA
7.7K
Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
7.7K
01:20Types of RNA
5.8K
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
RNA Performs Diverse...
5.8K
02:23RNA Editing
9.0K
RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
9.0K
02:18Alternative RNA Splicing
21.2K
Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
21.2K