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Corresponding ctDNA and tumor burden dynamics in metastatic melanoma patients on systemic treatment

Corresponding ctDNA and tumor burden dynamics in metastatic melanoma patients on systemic treatment

Michael E Egger ¹, Evan Alexander ², Tracy Van Meter ³, Maiying Kong ⁴, Aye Aye Maung ⁴, Roland Valdes ⁵, Melissa Barousse Hall ⁶, Mark W Linder ⁷

Michael E Egger ¹, Evan Alexander ², Tracy Van Meter ³

¹Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.
²Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.
³Department of Radiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.
⁴Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Facility, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, Louisville, KY, USA; Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
⁵Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.
⁶UofL Health Brown Cancer Center, Louisville, KY, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.
⁷Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA; UofL Health Brown Cancer Center, Louisville, KY, USA.

⁰Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.

Translational Oncology +

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February 2, 2024

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View abstract on PubMed

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Plasma circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) shows promise for monitoring metastatic melanoma. Longitudinal ctDNA levels correlate with tumor burden, especially during progressive disease, offering a better indicator of treatment response than imaging alone.

Area Of Science

Oncology
Molecular Diagnostics
Medical Imaging

Background

Radiographic imaging is standard for tracking metastatic melanoma progression and treatment resistance.
Longitudinal data on plasma circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) dynamics alongside radiographic imaging is limited.

Purpose Of The Study

To evaluate the relationship between longitudinal radiographic tumor burden and plasma ctDNA concentrations in metastatic melanoma patients undergoing systemic therapy.

Main Methods

Assessed 30 metastatic melanoma patients on systemic treatment.
Correlated longitudinal radiographic tumor burden measurements with plasma ctDNA concentrations.
Analyzed data based on radiographic evidence of disease, total tumor burden (TTB), and RECIST v1.1 criteria.

Main Results

ctDNA was undetectable in 9 patients with no radiographic disease.
ctDNA was detected in 81% of samples from 21 patients with radiographic tumor burden.
Plasma ctDNA showed a modest positive correlation with TTB (R²=0.49) and a strong correlation with changes in TTB (R²=0.88).
ctDNA concentrations were significantly higher during progressive disease (PD) than stable disease (SD) (p=0.012), independent of TTB.
Correlation between ctDNA and TTB was strongest during PD (R²=0.91).

Conclusions

Plasma ctDNA concentration is a sensitive indicator of treatment response in metastatic melanoma.
Changes in plasma ctDNA may serve as a more reliable surrogate for disease response than absolute tumor burden.
ctDNA dynamics provide valuable insights into treatment efficacy and disease progression.

Keywords:

Melanoma Plasma ctDNA Treatment monitoring Tumor burden Tumor proliferation

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