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Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
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  11. Can Conventional Magnetic Resonance Imaging At Presentation Predict Chemoresistance In Osteosarcoma?

Can conventional magnetic resonance imaging at presentation predict chemoresistance in osteosarcoma?

Thanat Kanthawang1, Wanat Wudhikulprapan1, Phichayut Phinyo2,3

  • 1Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.

The British Journal of Radiology
|February 2, 2024

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View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Baseline MRI findings can predict chemoresistant osteosarcoma. Large tumour size and diameter are strong indicators of poor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, guiding treatment adjustments.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Radiology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Histological tumour necrosis assesses osteosarcoma response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
  • Chemoresistant tumours necessitate vigilant monitoring and treatment modification.
  • Baseline MRI characteristics may predict chemotherapy response in osteosarcoma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify specific baseline magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings predictive of chemoresistant osteosarcoma.
  • To correlate pre-treatment MRI features with post-chemotherapy histological outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 95 osteosarcoma patient baseline MRIs (2008-2021).
  • Two musculoskeletal radiologists assessed tumour characteristics and peritumoural changes.
  • Histological necrosis served as the reference standard for treatment response.
Keywords:
chemotherapymagnetic resonance imagingosteosarcoma

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Main Results:

  • Two-thirds of patients exhibited chemoresistance (histological necrosis <90%).
  • Predictors of chemoresistance included large tumour volume (>150 mL), maximal axial diameter (>7.0 cm), extensive necrosis (>50%), intra-articular extension, and soft tissue oedema (>6.5 cm).
  • Tumour volume and maximal axial diameter independently predicted chemoresistance (P < .05).

Conclusions:

  • Baseline MRI findings can predict chemoresistant osteosarcoma.
  • Tumour size, specifically volume and diameter, is the most significant predictor of poor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
  • Identifying these MRI features aids in anticipating treatment outcomes and tailoring patient management.