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Effects of EDTA on End-Point Detection Methods01:18

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Different methods, such as visual observance of metal-ion indicators, spectroscopic techniques, and potentiometric methods, can determine the endpoint of an EDTA titration.
In the visual method, metal-ion indicators (metallochromic dyes), which have distinct colors in their free and complex forms, are added to the mixture to signal the titration's end point. They form stable complexes with metal ions, but these complexes are weaker than the corresponding metal–EDTA complexes. As a...
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Challenges and potential for detecting and quantifying titanium dioxide in food.

Ilija Djekic1, Steva Lević1, Nada Smigic1

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This study explored methods for detecting and quantifying titanium dioxide (TiO2) in food fillings. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy proved most effective for both detection and precise concentration measurement.

Keywords:
detection methodsfraudulent activitiesquantification methodsspectroscopytitanium dioxide

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Area of Science:

  • Food Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Titanium dioxide (TiO2) use varies globally, necessitating rapid detection methods in the food industry.
  • The food supply chain requires reliable techniques to identify or measure TiO2 concentrations in products.
  • Pastry and confectionery fillings are key areas where TiO2 detection is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the feasibility of using color, texture analysis, Raman microscopy, and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy.
  • To detect and quantify titanium dioxide (TiO2) in vanilla and chocolate-based food fillings.
  • To evaluate methods for rapid analysis of TiO2 in food products.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of food fillings with varying concentrations of titanium dioxide (TiO2).
  • Utilized color, texture profile analysis, Raman microscopy, and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy.
  • Investigated samples with TiO2 concentrations of 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75 g*kg-1.

Main Results:

  • All tested methods demonstrated moderate to high potential for TiO2 detection.
  • Titanium dioxide (TiO2) was found to influence the color and texture of the food matrix.
  • X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy showed superior capability for both detection and quantification of TiO2.

Conclusions:

  • X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy offers the highest potential for quantifying titanium dioxide (TiO2) concentration.
  • The study highlights XRF as a key analytical tool for food additive analysis.
  • Accurate quantification of TiO2 is essential for regulatory compliance and consumer safety.