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Topology observing 3D device reconstruction from continuous-sweep limited angle fluoroscopy.

Martin G Wagner^1,2, Ayca Z Kutlu¹, Brian Davis²

¹Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.

Medical Physics

|February 3, 2024

Summary

This study presents a new 3D reconstruction method for continuous-sweep limited angle (CLA) fluoroscopy, improving navigation accuracy for minimally invasive procedures. The approach enhances real-time visualization of devices like catheters and guidewires in complex anatomies.

Keywords:

3D reconstruction C‐arm catheter navigation fluoroscopy real‐time

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Area of Science:

Medical Imaging
Interventional Radiology
Surgical Navigation

Background:

Minimally invasive procedures rely on real-time image guidance, often using 2D fluoroscopy.
2D imaging presents challenges in complex anatomical structures like blood vessels and airways.
Real-time 3D visualization of devices is crucial for improved navigation and procedural outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and evaluate a noniterative 3D device reconstruction algorithm for continuous-sweep limited angle (CLA) fluoroscopy.
To incorporate endoluminal topology to prevent navigation through disconnected anatomical branches.
To enhance real-time 3D device visualization during minimally invasive procedures.

Main Methods:

A static 3D roadmap (RM) of anatomy was used, converted into a graph representation.
A deep learning approach segmented the device (catheter/guidewire) from live 2D projections, extracting centerlines.
Depth localization was performed by intersecting device rays with the RM, considering topology to exclude impossible paths.

Main Results:

The average 3D distance between reconstructed and reference device centerlines was low (specific values omitted).
The device tip reconstruction accuracy was high (specific values omitted).
The correct anatomical pathway was identified in a high percentage of frames (specific values omitted).

Conclusions:

The noniterative 3D reconstruction approach for CLA fluoroscopy is feasible for curvilinear devices.
This method can enhance navigation during intravascular and transbronchial interventions.
Improved device navigation is possible in complex and overlapping anatomical structures.