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Updated: Jul 12, 2026

The Preparation and Properties of Thermo-reversibly Cross-linked Rubber Via Diels-Alder Chemistry

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An overview on waste rubber recycling by microwave devulcanization.

Tao Zhang¹, Lucia Asaro², Michel Gratton¹

¹INSA CVL, Univ. Tours, Univ. Orléans, LaMé, 3 rue de la Chocolaterie, CS 23410, 41034, Blois Cedex, France.

Journal of Environmental Management

|February 3, 2024

Summary

Microwave-assisted devulcanization offers a promising method for recycling waste rubber by breaking sulfur bonds. This approach facilitates the reuse of vulcanized materials, addressing environmental and economic challenges.

Keywords:

Devulcanization Microwave Recycling Waste rubber

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Chemical Engineering
Environmental Science

Background:

Vulcanized rubber's widespread use, especially in automotive applications, generates significant waste.
The cross-linked structure of vulcanized rubber hinders natural degradation, posing disposal challenges.
Recycling rubber waste is crucial for environmental sustainability and resource conservation.

Purpose of the Study:

To review microwave-assisted devulcanization methods for waste rubber recycling.
To discuss the utilization of devulcanized rubber materials.
To highlight the scientific, economic, and environmental significance of rubber recycling.

Main Methods:

Review of various microwave devulcanization techniques.
Analysis of the coupling effects of microwave treatment with chemical and swelling agents.
Examination of the properties and applications of devulcanized rubber.

Main Results:

Microwave treatment is an effective and controllable method for devulcanizing rubber.
The process can be enhanced by incorporating chemical and swelling agents.
Devulcanized rubber shows potential for reuse in various applications.

Conclusions:

Microwave devulcanization presents a viable solution for waste rubber recycling.
Further research can optimize the process for industrial-scale application.
This technology offers significant environmental and economic benefits.