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Altered states of consciousness represent significant deviations from one's normal mental state. These deviations can range from subtle changes in awareness to profound transformations in perception, thought processes, and sensory experiences. Altered states of consciousness can be triggered by various factors, including drug use, meditation, hypnosis, illness, or even intense fatigue.
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Heightened interoception in adults with fibromyalgia.

Jennifer Todd1, David Plans2, Michael C Lee3

  • 1School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

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|February 3, 2024
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Summary

People with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) show altered interoception, processing internal body sensations differently. This study found FMS patients had higher interoceptive accuracy and self-reported awareness, suggesting interoception is key for managing FMS symptoms.

Keywords:
CardioceptionChronic PainFibromyalgiaInteroceptionPhase Adjustment TaskTask Tolerability

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Pain Research

Background:

  • Interoception, the sense of the internal bodily state, influences pain perception.
  • Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is associated with chronic pain and fatigue, with potential alterations in interoceptive processing.
  • Previous interoception measures have limitations, necessitating validated alternative methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the tolerability of the Phase Adjustment Task (PAT) for measuring cardiac interoceptive accuracy in adults with FMS.
  • To compare interoceptive abilities between individuals with FMS and pain-free controls.
  • To identify subgroups within the FMS sample based on interoceptive accuracy and explore its relationship with symptom severity.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Phase Adjustment Task (PAT) to measure cardiac interoceptive accuracy in 154 adults with FMS and 94 pain-free controls.
  • Assessed PAT tolerability, PAT performance, PAT-related confidence, and self-reported interoception (Private Body Consciousness Scale).
  • Employed subgroup analysis to identify distinct interoceptive profiles within the FMS cohort.

Main Results:

  • The PAT was well-tolerated by the FMS sample, with minor adjustments recommended.
  • Individuals with FMS demonstrated significantly higher cardiac interoceptive accuracy and self-reported interoception compared to pain-free controls.
  • A subgroup of FMS participants with high interoceptive accuracy showed lower symptom impact, while self-reported interoception correlated positively with FMS severity.

Conclusions:

  • Cardiac interoceptive accuracy and self-reported interoception differ between individuals with and without FMS.
  • Interoception is a relevant factor in understanding and managing fibromyalgia symptoms.
  • Further longitudinal research is recommended to elucidate the dynamic relationship between FMS symptom fluctuations and interoception.