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Advances in microalgae-based carbon sequestration: Current status and future perspectives
Udaypal1, Rahul Kumar Goswami1, Sanjeet Mehariya2
1Bioprocess and Bioenergy Laboratory (BPBEL), Department of Microbiology, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India.
Environmental Research
|February 3, 2024
Summary
Microalgae can efficiently capture carbon dioxide (CO2) and produce valuable products. Novel techniques are crucial for cost-effective CO2 sequestration and enhanced biomass production, paving the way for a greener economy.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Biotechnology
- Chemical Engineering
Background:
- Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions significantly impact climate change.
- Microalgae offer a sustainable solution for CO2 mitigation through photosynthesis.
- Current microalgae cultivation faces challenges in cost-effectiveness and CO2 sequestration efficiency.
Purpose of the Study:
- To optimize microalgal CO2 sequestration and valuable product generation.
- To explore novel techniques for enhancing microalgal carbon capture efficiency.
- To review advancements in microalgae-based CO2 utilization and biorefinery.
Main Methods:
- Investigating genetic manipulations for improved algal strains.
- Utilizing phytohormones and quantum dots to boost microalgal growth and CO2 uptake.
- Applying artificial intelligence (AI) tools for process optimization.
- Analyzing mass flow, biorefinery concepts, and life cycle assessment (LCA).
Main Results:
- Novel techniques demonstrate potential for enhanced microalgal CO2 sequestration.
- Integration of valuable product generation with CO2 capture improves economic viability.
- Life cycle assessment indicates a path towards net-zero CO2 emissions.
Conclusions:
- Optimized microalgal processes offer a green and profitable route for CO2 mitigation.
- Further research and development are needed to overcome current challenges.
- Microalgae-based technologies are pivotal for achieving sustainable carbon management.
