Assessment of the predictive value of plasma calprotectin in the evolution of SARS-Cov-2 primo-infection

Gauthier Lignier ¹, Caroline Camaré ², Thibaut Jamme ³

⁰Faculty of Pharmacy, Toulouse III university, France; Medical biochemistry laboratory, CHU Toulouse, France.

Infectious Diseases Now +

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February 3, 2024

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

Early plasma calprotectin levels can indicate COVID-19 severity but aren't superior to existing markers. Further research is needed for high-risk patients and serial measurements.

Area Of Science

Infectious Diseases
Biomarkers
Critical Care Medicine

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic necessitates proactive strategies to prevent critical care overload.
Assessing easily accessible biomarkers is crucial for predicting disease progression.

Purpose Of The Study

To evaluate the predictive value of early plasma calprotectin concentration for adverse outcomes in primary SARS-CoV-2 infection.
To determine if calprotectin levels correlate with COVID-19 severity and cytokine storm activity.

Main Methods

A cohort of 308 patients with PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection was studied.
Plasma calprotectin levels were measured within 24 hours of hospitalization.
Patient data, including medical records and severity classifications, were collected.

Main Results

Early plasma calprotectin concentration was significantly associated with progression to severe COVID-19 (RR: 2.2 [1.6-2.7]).
Multivariate analysis indicated calprotectin did not provide additional predictive information beyond established parameters like age, GFR, and CRP.

Conclusions

An early single calprotectin blood test may aid in predicting COVID-19 progression but is not superior to current markers.
Calprotectin's utility for high-risk patients (e.g., immunocompromised) warrants further investigation.
The value of serial calprotectin measurements for monitoring COVID-19 severity requires additional study.

Keywords:

Plasma calprotectin Predictive biomarkers Sars-Cov-2 primoinfection