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The Association Between State Minimum Wage and Firearm Homicides, 2000-2020
Molly Merrill-Francis1, May S Chen1, Christopher Dunphy2
1Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Atlanta, Georgia.
American Journal of Preventive Medicine
|February 3, 2024
Summary
Increasing state minimum wages may reduce firearm homicides. A higher minimum wage, measured by the Kaitz Index, was linked to fewer firearm deaths, especially where firearm ownership is higher.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Criminology
- Economics
Background:
- Poverty and income inequality are linked to firearm homicides.
- Economic security may be a factor in reducing firearm violence.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the association between state minimum wage and firearm homicides in the U.S. from 2000 to 2020.
Main Methods:
- State minimum wage was conceptualized using the Kaitz Index.
- State-level firearm homicide data were analyzed using log-linear regressions.
- Analyses were stratified by demographic groups and firearm ownership levels.
Main Results:
- A 1% increase in the Kaitz Index was associated with a 1.3% decrease in the firearm homicide rate.
- This association was observed across most firearm ownership quartiles, except the lowest.
- Findings were consistent across demographic stratifications.
Conclusions:
- Increasing state minimum wages could be a strategy to reduce firearm homicides.
- Policies that raise the minimum wage may improve economic security and decrease firearm violence.
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