Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Design Consideration01:22

Design Consideration

187
Designing a structure involves a series of considerations, primarily the material's ultimate strength, calculated through tests that measure changes under increased force until the material reaches its breaking point or limit. The ultimate load, where the material breaks, is divided by its original cross-sectional area, resulting in the ultimate normal stress or strength. The ultimate shearing stress is another significant factor taken into account.
The factor of safety is another key...
187
Experimental Designs01:16

Experimental Designs

11.4K
An experimental design is a systematic process that allows researchers to evaluate the relationship between dependent and independent variables. There are three widely used types of experimental design - pre-experimental design, true experimental design, and quasi-experimental design. In pre-experimental design, the researcher compares the data before and after some interventions or treatments. The true-experimental design has more than one purposefully created group, a commonly measured...
11.4K
Systematic Sampling Method01:17

Systematic Sampling Method

10.3K
Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. Data are the result of sampling from a population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest.
Systematic sampling is one of the simplest methods...
10.3K
Decision Making: Traditional Method01:14

Decision Making: Traditional Method

4.0K
The process of hypothesis testing based on the traditional method includes calculating the critical value, testing the value of the test statistic using the sample data, and interpreting these values.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is decided based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to this claim is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses, out of which a null hypothesis would be a...
4.0K
Design Example01:23

Design Example

329
The innovation of touch-tone telephony revolutionized the telecommunications industry by replacing the traditional rotary dial with a dual-tone multi-frequency (DTMF) signaling system. This system uses a matrix-style keypad with buttons arranged in four rows and three columns, creating 12 distinct signals each assigned to a pair of frequencies. Each button press results in a simultaneous generation of two sinusoidal tones – one from a low-frequency group (697 to 941 Hz) and one from a...
329
The Representativeness Heuristic02:13

The Representativeness Heuristic

15.8K
The representative heuristic describes a biased way of thinking, in which you unintentionally stereotype someone or something. For example, you may assume that your professors spend their free time reading books and engaging in intellectual conversation, because the idea of them spending their time playing volleyball or visiting an amusement park does not fit in with your stereotypes of professors.
15.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The fundamentals of eye tracking, Part 7: Determining data quality.

Behavior research methods·2026
Same author

A visual perceptual perspective on gaze in social robotics.

Psychonomic bulletin & review·2026
Same author

Blue or gold? Visual perception and the restoration of a Medieval painting.

Perception·2026
Same author

Blink parameters are confounded by vertical eye orientation in video-based eye tracking: Comparing pupil- and eyelid-based methods.

Behavior research methods·2026
Same author

The fundamentals of eye tracking part 6: Working with areas of interest.

Behavior research methods·2026
Same author

The impact of the pupil size artifact on pupil-based eye-tracking data in reading tasks: Assessment and compensation.

Behavior research methods·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2025

Characterization of Complex Systems Using the Design of Experiments Approach: Transient Protein Expression in Tobacco as a Case Study
20:24

Characterization of Complex Systems Using the Design of Experiments Approach: Transient Protein Expression in Tobacco as a Case Study

Published on: January 31, 2014

16.5K

Representative design: A realistic alternative to (systematic) integrative design.

Gijs A Holleman1, Mandeep K Dhami2, Ignace T C Hooge3

  • 1Department of Cognitive Neuropsychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands g.a.holleman@tilburguniversity.edu.

The Behavioral and Brain Sciences
|February 4, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Representative design offers a realistic alternative to the "one-at-a-time" paradigm for ensuring generalizability. Integrative design lacks external validity, unlike representative design which directly addresses this issue.

More Related Videos

The Modular Design and Production of an Intelligent Robot Based on a Closed-Loop Control Strategy
11:53

The Modular Design and Production of an Intelligent Robot Based on a Closed-Loop Control Strategy

Published on: October 14, 2017

11.6K
Problem-Solving Before Instruction PS-I: A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities
10:26

Problem-Solving Before Instruction PS-I: A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities

Published on: September 11, 2021

4.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 4, 2025

Characterization of Complex Systems Using the Design of Experiments Approach: Transient Protein Expression in Tobacco as a Case Study
20:24

Characterization of Complex Systems Using the Design of Experiments Approach: Transient Protein Expression in Tobacco as a Case Study

Published on: January 31, 2014

16.5K
The Modular Design and Production of an Intelligent Robot Based on a Closed-Loop Control Strategy
11:53

The Modular Design and Production of an Intelligent Robot Based on a Closed-Loop Control Strategy

Published on: October 14, 2017

11.6K
Problem-Solving Before Instruction PS-I: A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities
10:26

Problem-Solving Before Instruction PS-I: A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities

Published on: September 11, 2021

4.0K

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Research Methodology

Background:

  • The "one-at-a-time" paradigm is widely used in research.
  • Concerns exist regarding the external validity and generalizability of findings from this approach.
  • Almaatouq et al. proposed an "integrative design" as a solution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To challenge the notion that no realistic alternative exists to the "one-at-a-time" paradigm.
  • To reintroduce and advocate for Egon Brunswik's "representative design" as a superior methodology.
  • To critique the limitations of "integrative design" in ensuring external validity and generalizability.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual analysis and critique of existing research designs.
  • Historical review of Egon Brunswik's "representative design" principles.
  • Comparative analysis of "representative design" versus "integrative design".

Main Results:

  • Representative design provides a clear framework for achieving commensurability and generality in research.
  • Integrative design, as proposed by Almaatouq et al., does not adequately guarantee the external validity and generalizability of results.
  • Representative design directly confronts and resolves issues of external validity and generalizability.

Conclusions:

  • Representative design is a viable and effective alternative to the "one-at-a-time" paradigm.
  • Researchers should adopt representative design to enhance the external validity and generalizability of their findings.
  • Integrative design falls short in addressing critical needs for robust and generalizable research outcomes.