Pulmonary Function in People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Meta-Analysis.
Jesús Díez-Manglano1, Esther Del Corral-Beamonte2
1Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Royo Villanova, Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, Spain.
Archivos De Bronconeumologia
|February 4, 2024
Summary
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection impairs pulmonary function tests, including FEV1, FVC, and DLCO. These deficits persist regardless of age, smoking status, CD4 T-cell count, or antiretroviral therapy.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
Background:
- HIV infection can compromise bronchial epithelial cells, increasing susceptibility to lung damage.
- Understanding the impact of HIV on lung function is crucial for patient management.
- This study aimed to quantify the effects of HIV on pulmonary function tests.
Approach:
- A comprehensive meta-analysis was conducted, searching major databases up to December 2022.
- The inverse variance method with a random effects model was used to pool data from 20 studies.
- Meta-regression and sensitivity analyses were performed to explore heterogeneity and identify influencing factors.
Key Points:
- The meta-analysis included 7,621 people living with HIV and 7,410 controls.
- Significant impairments were observed in FEV1, FVC, DLCO, and FEV1/FVC ratios in individuals with HIV.
- Heterogeneity in results was not explained by age, smoking, CD4 count, or antiretroviral therapy.
Conclusions:
- Pulmonary function tests reveal significant deficits in people living with HIV.
- These lung function impairments are evident irrespective of key clinical factors like age and CD4 T-cell count.
- The findings highlight the systemic impact of HIV on respiratory health.
