Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 4, 2025
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Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology
Published on: June 29, 2021
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Orthographic and Phonological Code Activation in Deaf and Hearing Readers
Phillip J Holcomb1, Emily M Akers1, Katherine J Midgley1
1Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, CA, USA.
Journal of Cognition
|February 5, 2024
Summary
Deaf readers show distinct brain responses during visual word processing compared to hearing readers, particularly in how orthographic and phonological information is processed, suggesting differences in reading strategies.
Area of Science:
- Cognitive Neuroscience
- Psycholinguistics
- Auditory Neuroscience
Background:
- Visual word processing relies on both orthographic and phonological codes.
- Event-related potentials (ERPs) offer insights into the timing of cognitive processes.
- Previous research explored these codes in hearing individuals using masked priming.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate differences in visual word processing between deaf and hearing readers.
- To examine the neural underpinnings (ERPs) of orthographic and phonological code activation in deaf readers.
- To explore how reading skill influences these neural responses.
Main Methods:
- Adapted a visual masked priming paradigm with ERPs.
- Participants: 36 reading-matched deaf and hearing individuals.
- Task: Go/no-go categorization with orthographically (TL) and phonologically (PH) related primes.
Main Results:
- Hearing readers showed typical N250 and N400 priming effects.
- Deaf readers exhibited delayed N250 phonological priming and reversed N250 orthographic priming.
- Group differences in N400 priming were not significant.
- Reading skills correlated with specific ERP effects in both groups.
Conclusions:
- Deaf readers demonstrate unique ERP patterns in visual word processing.
- Phonological knowledge appears to influence reliance on orthographic representations in deaf readers.
- Findings suggest distinct reading strategies in deaf individuals.
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