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Comparison Between Pre-COVID and Post-COVID Mucormycosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Dhiraj Bhambhani1, Garima Bhambhani2, Shaji Thomas3
1Bhopal, India.
Introduction:
Mucormycosis has emerged as one of the most fatal complications arising due to COVID-19, though it has to be mentioned that the disease is capable of causing serious illness even on its own.
Objectives:
Through this investigation, we would review the threat that mucormycosis poses, in terms of its prevalence and degree of severity both in the pre- and post-COVID world.
Materials And Methods:
A comprehensive examination of the studies published in online databases turned up 207 papers, 103 of which had undergone in-depth analysis, using both inclusion and exclusion criteria, shortlisting 15 studies that were appropriate for reviewing.
Results:
The incidence of mucormycosis was linked to coronavirus in 7 of the 15 studies that were chosen. The remaining eight studies had sufferers of various systemic diseases, like HIV/AIDS and diabetes.
Discussion:
All the cases suffered diabetes mellitus. Regardless of the time period of the chosen article, corticosteroids and antifungal medications were administered to all patients. There were noticeable differences in terms of mortality, predisposing factors, and virulence between pre-COVID and post-COVID mucormycosis.
Summary And Conclusion:
The prevalence of systemic conditions such as diabetes in cases of mucormycosis has remained the same even after the incidence of this pandemic, showing that the basic treatment modalities continue to remain the same irrespective of the damage that corona virus has caused to the sufferer, although mucormycosis arising due to COVID-19 differs from mucormycosis that was incident before the advent of the pandemic.
Insights
Mucormycosis is a severe fungal infection, often fatal, and a known complication of COVID-19. While diabetes remains a key risk factor, COVID-19-associated mucormycosis presents distinct differences in mortality and virulence compared to pre-pandemic cases.
Area of Science:
- Mycology
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Mucormycosis is a life-threatening fungal infection.
- It has emerged as a significant complication of COVID-19.
- The disease can also cause severe illness independently.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the threat of mucormycosis, examining its prevalence and severity.
- To compare mucormycosis in the pre- and post-COVID-19 eras.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature search was conducted across online databases.
- 103 out of 207 identified papers were analyzed in-depth.
- 15 studies meeting inclusion criteria were selected for review.
Main Results:
- Mucormycosis was linked to coronavirus in 7 of the 15 reviewed studies.
- The remaining 8 studies involved patients with systemic diseases like diabetes and HIV/AIDS.
- All patients had diabetes mellitus and received corticosteroids and antifungal medications.
Conclusions:
- Despite COVID-19, diabetes remains a prevalent predisposing factor for mucormycosis.
- Treatment modalities, including antifungals and corticosteroids, remain consistent.
- Mucormycosis associated with COVID-19 exhibits distinct characteristics in mortality and virulence compared to pre-pandemic cases.
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