Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Position-effect Variegation02:32

Position-effect Variegation

6.3K
In 1928, a German botanist Emil Heitz observed the moss nuclei with a DNA binding dye. He observed that while some chromatin regions decondense and spread out in the interphase nucleus, others do not. He termed them euchromatin and heterochromatin, respectively. He proposed that the heterochromatin regions reflect a functionally inactive state of the genome. It was later confirmed that heterochromatin is transcriptionally repressed, and euchromatin is transcriptionally active chromatin.
6.3K
Heterochromatin02:38

Heterochromatin

12.8K
The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions that take up more dye are called heterochromatin. Heterochromatin is further classified into two forms – constitutive heterochromatin and facultative heterochromatin.
Constitutive heterochromatin: It is a highly compact region of chromatin that is mostly concentrated in the centromere and telomere. Unlike euchromatin, the amino acid at...
12.8K
Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators02:13

Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators

6.4K
Transcriptional regulators bind to specific cis-regulatory sequences in the DNA to regulate gene transcription. These cis-regulatory sequences are very short, usually less than ten nucleotide pairs in length. The short length means that there is a high probability of the exact same sequence randomly occurring throughout the genome.  Since regulators can also bind to groups of similar sequences, this further increases the chances of random binding. Transcriptional regulators form...
6.4K
Spreading of Chromatin Modifications02:25

Spreading of Chromatin Modifications

8.3K
The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer...
8.3K
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

22.7K
Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
22.7K
Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

13.3K
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone...
13.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Author Correction: In situ cryo-ET defines the ultrastructure of ER exit sites in human cells.

Nature cell biology·2026
Same author

Pioneer-factor activity requires stable chromatin occupancy mediated by both sequence-specific binding and disordered protein domains.

Science advances·2026
Same author

EZH2 Serine 21 Phosphorylation Restrains Compact-State PRC2 Activation and H3K27me3 Propagation.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

In situ cryo-ET defines the ultrastructure of ER exit sites in human cells.

Nature cell biology·2026
Same author

LEMONmethyl-seq: Targeted long-read DNA methylation profiling reveals dynamics of CRISPR epigenome editing and endogenous DNA methylation patterns.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Distinct DAXX effector modules separate H3.3 nucleosome assembly from ERV silencing.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2025

HOX Loci Focused CRISPR/sgRNA Library Screening Identifying Critical CTCF Boundaries
10:10

HOX Loci Focused CRISPR/sgRNA Library Screening Identifying Critical CTCF Boundaries

Published on: March 31, 2019

8.3K

Interplay between Two Paralogous Human Silencing Hub (HuSH) Complexes in Regulating LINE-1 Element Silencing.

Zena D Jensvold1, Anna E Christenson1, Julia R Flood1

  • 1Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53715, USA.

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
|February 5, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Scientists discovered a second Human Silencing Hub (HuSH2) complex, revealing how these complexes regulate transposable elements and LINE-1 activity through dynamic subunit expression.

More Related Videos

Promoter Capture Hi-C: High-resolution, Genome-wide Profiling of Promoter Interactions
10:16

Promoter Capture Hi-C: High-resolution, Genome-wide Profiling of Promoter Interactions

Published on: June 28, 2018

32.4K
In Vitro Selection of Engineered Transcriptional Repressors for Targeted Epigenetic Silencing
10:44

In Vitro Selection of Engineered Transcriptional Repressors for Targeted Epigenetic Silencing

Published on: May 5, 2023

1.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 4, 2025

HOX Loci Focused CRISPR/sgRNA Library Screening Identifying Critical CTCF Boundaries
10:10

HOX Loci Focused CRISPR/sgRNA Library Screening Identifying Critical CTCF Boundaries

Published on: March 31, 2019

8.3K
Promoter Capture Hi-C: High-resolution, Genome-wide Profiling of Promoter Interactions
10:16

Promoter Capture Hi-C: High-resolution, Genome-wide Profiling of Promoter Interactions

Published on: June 28, 2018

32.4K
In Vitro Selection of Engineered Transcriptional Repressors for Targeted Epigenetic Silencing
10:44

In Vitro Selection of Engineered Transcriptional Repressors for Targeted Epigenetic Silencing

Published on: May 5, 2023

1.4K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • The Human Silencing Hub (HuSH) complex, comprising TASOR, MPP8, and PPHLN1, is crucial for silencing transposable elements in vertebrates.
  • Regulatory mechanisms and subunit recruitment dynamics of the HuSH complex are not fully understood.

Approach:

  • Identified a novel HuSH complex (HuSH2) involving TASOR2, a TASOR paralog.
  • Employed in silico protein structure prediction to analyze MPP8 interactions with TASOR paralogs.
  • Generated MPP8 transgenes with specific amino acid substitutions to disrupt complex binding.

Key Points:

  • Both HuSH and HuSH2 complexes require all subunits for precise genomic localization.
  • Relative quantities of HuSH complexes influence LINE-1 element activity.
  • Dynamic TASOR and TASOR2 expression levels fine-tune HuSH-mediated silencing.

Conclusions:

  • Discovered and characterized the HuSH2 complex, expanding the known repertoire of retrotransposon silencing machinery.
  • Demonstrated the critical role of subunit stoichiometry and dynamic expression in regulating transposable element activity.
  • Provided new insights into the complex interplay of HuSH complexes in maintaining genome stability.