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An analysis of the São Silvestre race between 2007-2021: An increase in participation but a decrease in performance.

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Participation in the São Silvestre race increased overall, but performance decreased for both men and women. The performance gap between sexes widened, with men consistently outperforming women. Strategies are needed to boost women's and young people's involvement.

Keywords:
EndurancePerformanceSex differences

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Running Performance Analysis
  • Event Participation Trends

Background:

  • The São Silvestre race is a major annual running event in Brazil.
  • Understanding participation and performance trends is crucial for event organizers and sports development.
  • Previous research has explored various aspects of road racing, but long-term trends in major Brazilian events require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze trends in finishers of the São Silvestre race from 2007 to 2021.
  • To examine how sex, age, and performance levels have evolved over time.
  • To identify disparities and potential areas for improvement in runner participation and performance.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 31,775 finishers' data (sex, age, race times) from the São Silvestre race (2007-2021).
  • Statistical methods included the Mann-Whitney U test, Spearman correlation, and robust regression.
  • Data were sourced from the official race website.

Main Results:

  • Runner participation increased across both sexes over the study period.
  • The "31-40 years" age group had the most female finishers, while men over 60 had the most male finishers.
  • A general decrease in performance was observed over the years (β = 2.45, p < 0.005).
  • Men consistently showed better performance than women (U = 42.844, p < 0.001).
  • The performance gap between sexes widened over time (β = 1.76, p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

  • While overall participation in the São Silvestre race has grown, average performance has declined.
  • Significant differences in race times persist between men and women, with an increasing performance gap.
  • Event organizers should implement targeted strategies to enhance the participation of women and younger age groups.