Toward Advanced Superomniphobicity: Hierarchical Insights from Serif-T Nanostructures to Microscale Wrinkles

Developing a superomniphobic surface that exceeds the static and dynamic repellency observed in nature's springtails for various liquids presents a significant challenge in the realm of surface and interface science. However, progress in this field has been particularly limited when dealing with low-surface-tension liquids. This is because dynamic repellency values are typically at least 2 orders of magnitude lower than those observed with water droplets. Our study introduces an innovative hierarchical topography demonstrating exceptional dynamic repellency to low-surface-tension liquids. Inspired by the structural advantages found in springtails, we achieve a static contact angle of >160° and the complete rebound of droplet impact with a Weber number (We) of ∼104 using ethanol. These results surpass all existing benchmarks that have been reported thus far, including those of natural surfaces. The key insight from our research is the vital role of the microscale air pocket size, governed by wrinkle wavelength, in both static and dynamic repellency. Additionally, nanoscale air pockets within serif-T nanostructures prove to be essential for achieving omniphobicity. Our investigations into the wetting dynamics of ethanol droplets further reveal aspects such as the reduction in contact time and the occurrence of a fragmentation phenomenon beyond We ∼ 350, which has not been previously observed.