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Related Concept Videos

Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Pharmaceutical Parameters01:28

Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Pharmaceutical Parameters

134
Solid dosage forms such as tablets and capsules undergo rigorous manufacturing processes to ensure stability and effectiveness. Their dissolution and absorption properties are influenced significantly by the choice of excipients (inactive ingredients that serve various roles in the formulation), and the methodology applied during production. The manufacturing parameters, such as compression force and granulation techniques, significantly affect dissolution rates. Elevated compression forces...
134
Factors Affecting Dissolution: Particle Size and Effective Surface Area01:23

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Particle Size and Effective Surface Area

849
Dissolution kinetics, an essential aspect of oral drug delivery, is significantly influenced by the drug's particle size. According to the Noyes-Whitney dissolution model, the dissolution rate correlates directly with the drug's surface area. The larger the surface area, the higher the drug's solubility in water, leading to a faster drug dissolution rate. Reducing particle size increases the effective surface area, enhancing the dissolution process. Micronization and nanosizing are...
849
Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route01:29

Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route

532
The parenteral route is a critical method of drug administration. It delivers compounds directly into the systemic circulation and bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. This approach is particularly advantageous for drugs that exhibit poor absorption or instability when administered orally.
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...
532
Drug Delivery: Enteral Route01:18

Drug Delivery: Enteral Route

453
The enteral drug administration involves three primary routes: oral, sublingual, and buccal. Oral ingestion is the most prevalent, safe, economical, and convenient method for drug administration. However, it has certain drawbacks, including limited absorption due to the drug's low water solubility or poor membrane permeability, possible emesis from GI mucosa irritation, destruction of drugs by digestive enzymes or low gastric pH, and irregular absorption along with food or other drugs.
453

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2025

Formation of Dispersible Taohong Siwu Tablets
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Cushion-coated pellets for tableting without external excipients.

Saliha Moutaharrik1, Luca Palugan1, Matteo Cerea1

  • 1Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Tecnologia e Legislazione Farmaceutiche "Maria Edvige Sangalli", via G. Colombo 71, 20133 Milano, Italy.

International Journal of Pharmaceutics
|February 5, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Cushion-coating pellets before tableting preserves their drug release profiles. This novel approach creates robust multiple-unit dosage forms with improved manufacturing and patient compliance.

Keywords:
Cushioning coatingGastro-resistanceMUPSPEGPelletsTableting

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Technology
  • Drug Delivery Systems
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Multiple-unit dosage forms (MUDFs) offer advantages over single-unit capsules.
  • Compacting pellets into tablets can compromise drug release and subunit availability.
  • Existing methods often require excipient mixtures, complicating formulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a cushion-coating strategy for pellets to enable tablet compaction.
  • To maintain pellet integrity and drug release profiles after tableting.
  • To create a versatile and scalable approach for modified-release MUDFs.

Main Methods:

  • Pellets were coated with polyethylene glycol 1500 (PEG1500) as a cushioning layer.
  • Controlled processing temperatures were critical for PEG1500 coating feasibility.
  • An outer Kollicoat® IR film was applied to address adhesion issues.
  • Design of Experiments (DoE) was used to optimize formulation and tableting conditions.

Main Results:

  • Cushioned pellets consolidated under low compaction pressures, preserving release performance.
  • The Kollicoat® IR film successfully mitigated PEG1500-related adhesion problems.
  • Optimized formulations demonstrated robustness and satisfactory mechanical tablet strength.
  • The method allowed for a high load of modified-release units within the tablets.

Conclusions:

  • Cushion-coating pellets is a feasible strategy for manufacturing robust MUDF tablets.
  • This approach successfully maintains the modified-release characteristics of individual subunits.
  • The developed technology offers a versatile and scalable solution for oral drug delivery.