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Area of Science:

  • Marine biology
  • Fisheries science
  • Environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis

Background:

  • Pelagic fish like herring, sardines, and mackerel are vital global food sources.
  • Sustainable fisheries management relies on accurate bycatch estimation methods.
  • Current bycatch assessment methods can be imprecise or costly.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally validate the use of eDNA for quantitative bycatch assessment.
  • To investigate the eDNA method's efficacy in Baltic Sea sprat fisheries with herring bycatch.
  • To assess the full eDNA pipeline from sampling to species weight fraction estimation.

Main Methods:

  • Sampling of production water from fishing vessels and processing factories.
  • Controlled mixture experiments to correlate eDNA signals with known herring biomass.
  • Quantitative PCR (qPCR) and metabarcoding for eDNA signal analysis.
  • Comparison of eDNA-based estimates with visual reporting data.

Main Results:

  • A strong, seasonally consistent linear relationship was observed between eDNA signal and herring weight fractions.
  • The relationship's strength varied depending on the molecular method (qPCR or metabarcoding).
  • eDNA-based estimates showed higher precision compared to visual reporting across four analyzed sprat landings.
  • Variability in herring bycatch biomass estimates was noted between different molecular methods.

Conclusions:

  • eDNA-based bycatch assessment is a promising tool for improving accuracy and cost-effectiveness in pelagic fisheries.
  • This method has the potential to enhance the sustainability of marine resource management.
  • Further refinement of molecular methods can optimize eDNA-based bycatch assessment.