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The outcomes of COVID-19 and acute pancreatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Caiyu Zhu1, Haijuan Wu1, Xiangyu Yang1
1Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Translational Gastroenterology and Hepatology
|February 6, 2024
Summary
COVID-19 infection is associated with worse outcomes for acute pancreatitis (AP). Patients with COVID-19 experienced higher mortality, ICU admission, and longer hospital stays compared to those without the virus.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology
- Infectious Diseases
- Critical Care Medicine
Background:
- Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, has been linked to acute pancreatitis (AP) in case studies.
- Understanding the clinical impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on AP development and outcomes is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a comprehensive meta-analysis of existing literature comparing clinical outcomes of AP in patients with and without COVID-19.
- To elucidate the role of SARS-CoV-2 in the pathogenesis and progression of acute pancreatitis.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search across major databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus) from January 2019 to December 2022.
- Inclusion of nine studies comprising 3,160 patients.
- Meta-analysis performed using Stata 12.0, adhering to MOOSE reporting guidelines.
Main Results:
- AP patients with COVID-19 showed significantly increased mortality (OR=3.95), ICU admission (OR=3.74), and mechanical ventilation (OR=4.84).
- Higher rates of severe pancreatitis (OR=2.71), idiopathic/unknown etiology (OR=4.75), and necrotizing pancreatitis (OR=1.88) were observed in COVID-19 positive patients.
- A significantly longer hospital stay (WMD=5.10 days) was noted for AP patients with COVID-19.
Conclusions:
- The study suggests that COVID-19 infection is associated with a potential worsening of clinical outcomes in patients with acute pancreatitis.
- These findings highlight the significant adverse impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the severity and progression of AP.
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