Understanding Antenatal Care Service Quality for Malaria in Pregnancy through Supportive Supervision Data in Tanzania

Malaria in pregnancy (MiP) is associated with maternal anemia, spontaneous abortion, and infant and maternal death. In Tanzania, MiP service data are collected through routine Malaria Services and Data Quality Improvement (MSDQI) supportive supervision rounds at antenatal care (ANC) facilities. Using structured assessment tools, the U.S. President's Malaria Initiative Impact Malaria Project reviewed two annual rounds of MSDQI data (492 facilities in 2021 and 522 facilities in 2022), including ANC records and client satisfaction interviews. We assessed coverage of key MiP care components, used logistic regression to analyze uptake of the recommended three or more doses of intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp3+), and assessed client satisfaction. Coverage of most MiP care components exceeded 80%; however, only 38% of women received all components. Odds of receiving IPTp3+ were much lower among late ANC initiators than among those who initiated ANC during their first trimester (odds ratio [OR], 0.46; 95% CI, 0.38-0.57). Uptake of IPTp3+ increased almost exponentially by number of ANC visits. Women with seven visits were 30 times more likely than those with three visits to receive IPTp3+ (OR, 30.71; 95% CI, 11.33-83.22). Just 54% of clients had anemia screening and only 46% received IPTp3+. Client satisfaction with services and provider communication was high (98% and 97%, respectively); only 8% of client visits exceeded 3 hours. Increased ANC visits could boost IPTp3+ coverage. Routine MSDQI supportive supervision data are useful to assess quality of care, identify service delivery gaps, and guide policies to improve quality of MiP services.