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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2025

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Pediatric orbital lesions: ocular pathologies.

Samantha K Gerrie1,2, Heena Rajani3,4, Helen M Branson5,6

  • 1Department of Radiology, BC Children's Hospital, 4500 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3N1, Canada. samgerrie76@gmail.com.

Pediatric Radiology
|February 6, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This review details pediatric ocular pathologies, focusing on congenital, inflammatory, and neoplastic conditions. It highlights key imaging features and diagnostic approaches using ultrasound, CT, and MRI.

Keywords:
CongenitalDevelopmentalInfectionNeoplasticOrbitUltrasound

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pediatric Radiology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Orbital pathologies encompass a wide range of conditions affecting the eye and surrounding structures.
  • Accurate diagnosis of pediatric ocular pathologies is crucial for timely intervention and management.
  • Part 1 of this series focuses on ocular pathologies within the orbit.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of pediatric ocular pathologies.
  • To discuss the differential diagnosis and key imaging features of these conditions.
  • To outline a practical imaging work-up strategy.

Main Methods:

  • Pictorial review of pediatric ocular pathologies.
  • Emphasis on ocular ultrasonography (US) as the primary imaging modality.
  • Inclusion of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for comprehensive evaluation.

Main Results:

  • Detailed discussion of congenital and developmental lesions (e.g., microphthalmos, persistent fetal vasculature, Coats disease).
  • Review of infective, inflammatory (e.g., uveitis, toxocariasis), and neoplastic lesions (e.g., retinoblastoma).
  • Highlighting imaging features differentiating non-neoplastic mimics from retinoblastoma.

Conclusions:

  • Ocular US is the initial imaging modality of choice for pediatric orbital pathologies.
  • CT and MRI are valuable adjuncts for further characterization and intracranial assessment.
  • Understanding imaging features aids in differentiating various pediatric ocular conditions.