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High-temperature Josephson diode.

Sanat Ghosh1, Vilas Patil2, Amit Basu2

  • 1Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India. sanatghosh1996@gmail.com.

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|February 6, 2024
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Summary
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Researchers demonstrated a Josephson-phenomena-based diode effect (JDE) in twisted superconductors up to 77K. This breakthrough enables potential applications in ultralow dissipative circuits and protected qubits at liquid-nitrogen temperatures.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Quantum Computing

Background:

  • Superconducting diode effect (SDE) is a non-reciprocal phenomenon observed in superconductors lacking time-reversal and inversion symmetry.
  • Josephson-phenomena-based diode effect (JDE) is crucial for developing protected qubits and ultralow dissipative circuits.
  • Existing JDE demonstrations are limited to low temperatures (~4 K), hindering practical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate JDE at significantly higher temperatures, specifically up to 77 K (liquid-nitrogen temperature).
  • To investigate the tunability and underlying mechanisms of JDE in artificial Josephson junctions.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of an artificial Josephson junction using twisted layers of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ.
  • Measurement of switching current asymmetry to quantify JDE.
  • Application of a small perpendicular magnetic field to tune the JDE.

Main Results:

  • JDE was observed to persist up to 77 K.
  • The maximum JDE occurred at a 45° twist angle.
  • A large asymmetry of 60% was achieved at 20 K.
  • The asymmetry is tunable with a small perpendicular magnetic field.

Conclusions:

  • Demonstrated JDE at liquid-nitrogen temperatures, overcoming previous low-temperature limitations.
  • Identified the interaction between Josephson and Abrikosov vortices as the mechanism for JDE.
  • Paved the way for superconducting Josephson circuits operating at higher temperatures.