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Updated: Jul 4, 2025
Antimicrobial Characterization of Advanced Materials for Bioengineering Applications
Published on: August 4, 2018
Microbial Profile, Antimicrobial Susceptibility, and Prevalence of MDR/XDR Pathogens Causing Medical Device
Vaibhav R Suryawanshi1, Atmaram Pawar2, Bharat Purandare3
1Department of Pharmacy Practice, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Poona College of Pharmacy, BVDU Katraj Campus, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Background:
There is a scarcity of studies evaluating the microbial profile, antimicrobial susceptibility, and prevalence of MDR/XDR pathogens causing medical device-associated infections (MDAIs). The present study was sought in this regard.
Materials And Methods:
An ambispective-observational, site-specific, surveillance-based study was performed for a period of 2 years in the intensive care unit (ICU) and high dependency unit (HDU) (medicine/surgery) of a Tertiary-care University Hospital. Three commonly encountered MDAIs including central-line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI), catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI), and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), were targeted.
Results And Conclusion:
Of the total 90 patients, 46 (51.1%) were admitted to the ICU (medicine/surgery), and the remaining 44 (48.8%) were admitted to the HDU (medicine/surgery). The median (P25-P75) age of the total patients was 55 (43.1-62.3) years. Male 61 (67.8%) preponderance was observed. Sixty-two of 90 (68.9%) were immunocompromised. A total of 104 pathogens causing MDAIs were isolated. Staphylococcus epidermidis (CoNS), and Staphylococcus capitis were commonly isolated multi-drug resistant (MDR) gram-positive pathogens causing MDAIs. Similarly, carba-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and carba-resistant Acinetobacter baumanni were commonly isolated MDR gram-negative pathogens causing MDAIs. Five of 9 (55.5%) K. pneumoniae and three of 9 (33.3%) S. maltophilia isolates were found to be extensively drug resistant. Among Candida, C. parapsilosis was the most prevalent fungal pathogen causing CLABSI and CAUTI in patients admitted to ICU/HDU.
How To Cite This Article:
Suryawanshi VR, Pawar A, Purandare B, Vijayvargiya N, Sancheti S, Philip S, et al. Microbial Profile, Antimicrobial Susceptibility, and Prevalence of MDR/XDR Pathogens Causing Medical Device Associated Infections: A Single Center Study. Indian J Crit Care Med 2024;28(2):152-164.
Insights
This study identified common multi-drug resistant pathogens in medical device-associated infections (MDAIs). It highlights the need for better antimicrobial stewardship to combat resistant bacteria like carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
- Critical Care Medicine
Background:
- Medical device-associated infections (MDAIs) pose a significant challenge in healthcare settings.
- Limited data exists on the microbial landscape and antimicrobial resistance patterns of pathogens causing MDAIs.
- This study addresses the scarcity of research on MDAIs in tertiary care settings.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the microbial profile of MDAIs.
- To determine antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of isolated pathogens.
- To ascertain the prevalence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) pathogens causing MDAIs.
Main Methods:
- An ambispective, observational, surveillance-based study was conducted over two years.
- The study focused on intensive care unit (ICU) and high dependency unit (HDU) patients.
- Central-line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI), catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI), and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) were analyzed.
Main Results:
- A total of 104 pathogens were isolated from 90 patients.
- Common MDR gram-positive pathogens included Staphylococcus epidermidis (CoNS) and Staphylococcus capitis.
- Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and Acinetobacter baumannii were prevalent MDR gram-negative pathogens.
- Extensively drug-resistant (XDR) K. pneumoniae and S. maltophilia were identified.
- Candida parapsilosis was the most common fungal pathogen in CLABSI and CAUTI.
Conclusions:
- The study identified key MDR/XDR pathogens contributing to MDAIs in ICU/HDU settings.
- Findings underscore the urgent need for enhanced antimicrobial stewardship programs.
- Surveillance of microbial profiles and resistance patterns is crucial for effective infection control.
