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Anatomic Review in 3D Augmented Reality Alters Craniotomy Planning Among Residents.

Sameah Haider1, Ellen Air1, Zhifeng Kou2

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan, USA.

World Neurosurgery
|February 7, 2024
PubMed
Summary

3D-Augmented Reality (AR) improved neurosurgical residents' craniotomy planning by enhancing anatomic understanding and altering skull positioning, especially for junior residents. While craniotomy size remained unchanged, AR provided valuable insights into surgical approaches.

Keywords:
Augmented realityResident educationSurgical simulationVirtual reality

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Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Medical Education
  • Surgical Planning

Background:

  • Craniotomy planning traditionally relies on 2D imaging.
  • Accurate anatomic understanding is crucial for successful neurosurgical outcomes.
  • Neurosurgical residents require effective tools to develop surgical planning skills.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of 3D-Augmented Reality (AR) anatomic review on neurosurgical residents' craniotomy planning.
  • To assess changes in craniotomy size, skull positioning, and understanding of critical anatomic relationships.
  • To compare the effectiveness of 3D-AR for different lesion types and locations.

Main Methods:

  • Neurosurgery residents (PGY 1-7) planned craniotomies using 2D radiographs and a physical skull model.
  • Residents then reviewed lesion cases in a 3D-AR environment.
  • Planning was repeated after AR review, followed by a quiz and survey.

Main Results:

  • Skull positioning significantly changed in 5 out of 6 cases after 3D-AR review (P < 0.05).
  • No significant changes were observed in incision length or overall craniotomy size.
  • Residents reported improved appreciation of anatomy (4.2/5) and increased confidence (4.33/5 for juniors).

Conclusions:

  • The 3D-AR platform enhances surgical planning skills by improving appreciation of critical anatomy.
  • 3D-AR review significantly altered skull positioning, particularly for junior residents.
  • Residents found 3D-AR a valuable tool for understanding complex spatial relationships in neurosurgery.