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Related Concept Videos

Decreased pulse rate01:14

Decreased pulse rate

544
Bradycardia is a medical condition in which the heart rate is slower than normal. It occurs when the heart's natural pacemaker, the sinus node, generates slower electrical impulses than the standard rhythm. In adults, bradycardia is diagnosed when the pulse rate falls below 60 beats per minute, indicating a deviation from the normal heart rate range.
There are specific risk factors that can elevate the likelihood of developing bradycardia. Advanced age is a significant factor, with...
544
Pulse rhythm01:30

Pulse rhythm

800
Pulse rhythm refers to the pattern of pulsations within specific intervals, offering valuable insights into the regularity or irregularity of the heart's beats as observed through the pattern of pulsation within specific intervals. A regular pulse exhibits a consistent heart rate with uniform waveforms and pulsation force, variations of which can be classified as normal, weak, or bounding.
Conversely, an irregular pulse pattern is termed dysrhythmia, stemming from disruptions in cardiac...
800
Disturbances in Heart Rhythm01:28

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm

957
Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow...
957
ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias I: Sinus Arrhythmias01:16

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias I: Sinus Arrhythmias

216
Arrhythmias are disturbances in the heart's rhythm that lead to abnormal heartbeats. These irregularities can originate from different parts of the heart and are classified based on their origin and nature.
Types of Arrhythmias
Sinus Node Arrhythmias
Sinus Bradycardia: Originating from the sinoatrial (SA) node, sinus bradycardia involves slower impulses, resulting in a heart rate of less than 60 beats per minute (bpm). Causes include sleep, vagal stimulation, beta-blockers, hypothyroidism,...
216
Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class II Agents as β-Adrenergic Blockers01:24

Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class II Agents as β-Adrenergic Blockers

746
Adrenergic stimulation generally impacts cardiac rate and rhythm. Specifically, stimulation of the β-adrenoceptors triggers an increase in intracellular calcium ion influx and pacemaker currents, which may cause arrhythmias. Catecholamines like adrenaline also demonstrate β2-adrenoceptor-mediated hypokalemia, impacting cardiac action potential and disrupting the normal cardiac rhythm. Class II antiarrhythmic drugs are β-adrenoceptor antagonists or β-blockers, which...
746
Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias01:28

Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias

921
Arrhythmias are irregular heart rhythms occurring when the heart's electrical impulses become abnormal. These disturbances can lead to various symptoms, depending on their severity and the underlying cause. Some common factors contributing to arrhythmias include hypoxia, ischemia, electrolyte imbalances, excessive catecholamine exposure, drug toxicity, and muscle overstretching. Arrhythmias can be classified into two main types based on the rate and site of origin of abnormal heart rhythms.
921

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Related Experiment Video

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Real-Time Cardiac Mapping with a Noninvasive Imageless Electrocardiographic Imaging System
10:17

Real-Time Cardiac Mapping with a Noninvasive Imageless Electrocardiographic Imaging System

Published on: April 11, 2025

575

Bradycardia risk stratification with implantable loop recorder after unexplained syncope.

Guillaume De Ciancio1, Nicolas Sadoul2, Nefissa Hammache1

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Nancy University Hospital, 54511 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.

Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases
|February 7, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Implantable loop recorders (ILRs) are beneficial for diagnosing syncope in patients aged 60 and older with typical symptoms. For traumatic syncope, ILR implantation is safe and reduces recurrence.

Keywords:
Conduction disorderImplantable loop recorderPacemakerSyncope

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Medical Devices
  • Diagnostic Tools

Background:

  • Implantable loop recorders (ILRs) are effective for diagnosing unexplained syncope.
  • The utility of ILR implantation after a first syncope episode in non-high-risk patients is uncertain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Identify risk factors for significant bradycardia to guide ILR implantation decisions.
  • Evaluate if ILR implantation with remote monitoring reduces recurrent traumatic syncope.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective monocentric study of patients with ILR implantation for unexplained syncope.
  • Utilized remote monitoring and iterative consultations for data collection.

Main Results:

  • Significant bradycardia occurred in 22.4% of patients, often requiring pacemaker implantation.
  • Patients aged ≥60 had a 3.46-fold increased risk of significant bradycardia.
  • Typical syncope was associated with a 3.14-fold increased risk of significant bradycardia.
  • No recurrence of traumatic syncope with complications was observed post-ILR implantation.

Conclusions:

  • ILRs effectively identify significant bradycardia in older patients (≥60) with typical syncope, supporting implantation after a first episode.
  • ILR implantation is safe for traumatic syncope and associated with minimal recurrence.