A Single-System Ectopic Ureter in a Child: A Challenge for Early Diagnosis

An ectopic ureter is an uncommon anomaly, usually associated with a duplicated urinary system. Up to 20% of ectopic ureters occur in a single system. In females, only 25% of ectopic ureters insert into the vagina and usually cause urinary incontinence, which can be confused with vaginal discharge. The diagnostic investigation includes urinary tract ultrasound, DMSA, and urethrocystography, which evaluate renal morphology and function, determining factors for surgical treatment decision that aims to preserve renal function, prevent the recurrence of infections, and reestablish urinary continence. The rarity of this anomaly and the delay in recognizing symptoms are factors related to late diagnosis.