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Related Concept Videos

Spinal Cord01:26

Spinal Cord

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The spinal cord, a critical component of the central nervous system, extends from the base of the brainstem to the lumbar region of the vertebral column. It is essential for maintaining physical stability and facilitating communication between the brain and peripheral parts of the body.
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The Spinal Cord01:54

The Spinal Cord

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The spinal cord is the body’s major nerve tract of the central nervous system, communicating afferent sensory information from the periphery to the brain and efferent motor information from the brain to the body. The human spinal cord extends from the hole at the base of the skull, or foramen magnum, to the level of the first or second lumbar vertebra.
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Spinal Cord: Gross Anatomy01:15

Spinal Cord: Gross Anatomy

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The spinal cord resides within the protective confines of the vertebral column. It is the main pathway for information traveling between the brain and the body. It plays a fundamental role in nearly all bodily functions, from simple reflexes to complex motor movements. The spinal cord begins at the medulla oblongata at the base of the brainstem and extends downward, terminating at the conus medullaris near the first and second lumbar vertebrae. The spinal cord's length in adults is...
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Spinal Cord: Cross-sectional Anatomy01:16

Spinal Cord: Cross-sectional Anatomy

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The cross-sectional anatomy of the spinal cord offers a detailed view of its complex structure and function within the central nervous system. At the core of the spinal cord lies the gray matter, characterized by its butterfly or "H"-shaped appearance in cross-section. This central region is enveloped by white matter, with the overall structure divided into symmetrical halves by the dorsal median sulcus and the ventral median fissure.
Gray Matter and its Components
Central to the gray matter is...
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Spinal Nerves: Anatomy01:23

Spinal Nerves: Anatomy

2.8K
Spinal nerves are pivotal conduits in the nervous system, bridging the central nervous system (CNS) with the peripheral nervous system (PNS). These nerves enable a complex communication network between the brain, spinal cord, and the rest of the body, facilitating sensory input, motor output, and autonomic functions.
There are 31 bilateral pairs of spinal nerves, each emerging from the spinal cord through the intervertebral foramina—openings between adjacent vertebrae. These nerves are...
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Spinal Cord: Information Processing01:10

Spinal Cord: Information Processing

1.3K
The spinal cord is an integral hub for motor and sensory information that enables the brain to communicate with the peripheral nervous system (PNS). This communication consists of relaying sensory data and transmission of motor commands.
Sensory Information Processing
Sensory information processing begins at the sensory receptors located in the skin and other tissues, which detect somatic sensory stimuli such as touch, temperature, or pain. These receptors function as catalysts, initiating...
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Related Experiment Video

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Surgical Transplantation of Tumor Cells into the Spinal Cord of Mice
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Spinal Cord Neoplasms.

J Ricardo McFaline-Figueroa

    Continuum (Minneapolis, Minn.)
    |February 8, 2024
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This review covers diagnosing spinal cord neoplasms, detailing common primary tumors like ependymomas and astrocytomas, and metastatic cancers. Understanding these spinal neoplasms is crucial for effective patient management and care.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Oncology
    • Neurosurgery

    Background:

    • Spinal cord neoplasms are rare, affecting the parenchyma, dura, leptomeninges, or extradural space.
    • Common intramedullary tumors include ependymomas, pilocytic astrocytomas, and diffuse midline gliomas.
    • Extradural metastases are frequent, and metastatic epidural spinal cord compression is a medical emergency.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To outline the diagnostic approach for suspected spinal cord neoplasms.
    • To review common primary and metastatic spinal neoplasms and their clinical presentations.
    • To emphasize the importance of recognizing these tumors for timely intervention.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of diagnostic strategies for spinal cord neoplasms.
    • Analysis of common primary spinal cord tumors (intramedullary and intradural extramedullary).
    • Discussion of metastatic spinal neoplasms and their implications.

    Main Results:

    • Ependymomas, pilocytic astrocytomas, and diffuse midline gliomas are common intramedullary neoplasms.
    • Spinal meningiomas are the most frequent intradural extramedullary neoplasms.
    • Metastatic disease predominantly affects the extradural space.

    Conclusions:

    • A thorough understanding of spinal cord neoplasms aids in accurate diagnosis and management.
    • Advances in molecular characterization are expanding systemic therapy options.
    • Prompt, multidisciplinary care is essential for managing spinal cord compression emergencies.