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Related Concept Videos

Infertility in Males01:23

Infertility in Males

264
Male infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, arising from various factors that impact different stages of the reproductive process. An endocrine imbalance resulting from conditions like hypogonadism, Klinefelter syndrome, or pituitary disorders can disrupt hormone levels and reduce sperm production. Testicular defects, such as tumors, cryptorchidism, atrophic testes, abnormal sperm morphology, and low sperm count or motility, may arise due to genetic factors, structural...
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Infertility in Females01:28

Infertility in Females

298
Female infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after a year of regular, unprotected intercourse and affects about 10–15% of couples worldwide. The primary cause of female infertility is ovulatory disorders, which hinder the release of eggs. These disorders can be classified as hypothalamic amenorrhea, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian failure, and hyperprolactinemic anovulation disorders.
Endometriosis, a condition characterized by abnormal growth of...
298
In Vitro Fertilization01:24

In Vitro Fertilization

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In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a form of assisted reproductive technology where an egg is fertilized with sperm in a controlled laboratory environment before transferring the resulting embryo into the uterus. This process is designed to help individuals and couples experiencing difficulties conceiving.
The IVF process begins with ovarian stimulation, during which reproductive endocrinologists prescribe hormonal medications to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs instead of the single...
265
Oogenesis02:07

Oogenesis

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In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
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Fertilization01:38

Fertilization

71.0K
During fertilization, an egg and sperm cell fuse to create a new diploid structure. In humans, the process occurs once the egg has been released from the ovary, and travels into the fallopian tubes. The process requires several key steps: 1) sperm present in the genital tract must locate the egg; 2) once there, sperm need to release enzymes to help them burrow through the protective zona pellucida of the egg; and 3) the membranes of a single sperm cell and egg must fuse, with the sperm...
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Spermatogenesis01:41

Spermatogenesis

102.5K
Spermatogenesis is the process by which haploid sperm cells are produced in the male testes. It starts with stem cells located close to the outer rim of seminiferous tubules. These spermatogonial stem cells divide asymmetrically to give rise to additional stem cells (meaning that these structures “self-renew”), as well as sperm progenitors, called spermatocytes. Importantly, this method of asymmetric mitotic division maintains a population of spermatogonial stem cells in the male...
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Updated: Jul 4, 2025

Exploring X Chromosomal Aberrations in Ovarian Cells by Using Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization
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Deciphering the comprehensive knowledgebase landscape featuring infertility with IDDB Xtra.

Qian Li1, Zhijie Hu2, Jiayin He1

  • 1Department of Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, 200011, China; Medicinal Bioinformatics Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, 200025, China.

Computers in Biology and Medicine
|February 8, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Infertility impacts 15% of couples globally, often due to genetic causes. IDDB Xtra is a new database integrating genetic, epigenetic, and phenotypic data to aid infertility diagnosis and treatment research.

Keywords:
Chromosome abnormalitiesEpigeneticsGenomicsInfertilityInfertility-caused genesKnowledge graphModulatorsMutationsPhenotypesResearch applications

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Reproductive Biology
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Infertility affects approximately 15% of couples worldwide, with genetic factors contributing to half of all cases.
  • Existing resources lack comprehensive characterization of infertility-related data, hindering in-depth research and genetic counseling.
  • Advancements in high-throughput sequencing necessitate integrated platforms for genetic diagnosis and potential therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop IDDB Xtra, an enhanced database integrating diverse data types for infertility research and genetic counseling.
  • To provide researchers and clinicians with interactive tools for exploring infertility mechanisms and facilitating genetic counseling.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of phenotypic manifestations, genomic datasets, epigenetics, and modulators into the existing Infertility Database (IDDB).
  • Manual curation of 2369 genes, 273 chromosomal abnormalities, 884 phenotypes, 60 genomic datasets, 464 epigenetic records, and 1144 modulators.
  • Incorporation of customized graphical applications for analyzing developmental atlases, mutation effects, and clinical manifestations.

Main Results:

  • IDDB Xtra houses a comprehensive collection of curated data relevant to infertility diagnosis and treatment.
  • Interactive tools enable users to explore gene functions across developmental stages, filter candidate genes, and identify potential variants.
  • The platform facilitates the retrieval of infertility-related biomedical networks, aiding in understanding disease mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • IDDB Xtra serves as a valuable resource for capturing and organizing infertility research data.
  • The integrated platform and interactive tools facilitate genetic counseling and accelerate drug discovery for infertility.
  • IDDB Xtra is freely accessible online, promoting collaborative research and clinical applications in reproductive health.