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Terahertz microscopy using laser feedback interferometry based on a generalised phase-stepping algorithm.

Daniel Mohun¹, Nikollao Sulollari¹, Mohammed Salih¹

¹School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.

Scientific Reports

|February 9, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new generalized phase-stepping algorithm enhances coherent sensing using laser feedback interferometry (LFI). This method reduces acquisition times and simplifies data processing for faster, reliable nanoscale imaging.

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Area of Science:

Optics and Photonics
Laser Physics
Nanotechnology

Background:

Laser Feedback Interferometry (LFI) is a technique used for sensing applications.
Extracting magnitude and phase information from interferometric fringes is crucial for LFI.
Complex models are often required for post-processing laser feedback data.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop an improved method for coherent sensing using LFI.
To reduce optical sampling and acquisition times in LFI.
To eliminate the need for complex laser feedback models in post-processing.

Main Methods:

Utilized a generalized phase-stepping algorithm for fringe analysis.
Investigated the method's applicability under varying optical feedback levels and laser parameters.
Experimentally validated the approach using a terahertz (THz)-frequency laser.

Main Results:

Achieved fully coherent sensing with as few as 4 sampling points per pixel.
Demonstrated reliable performance across different feedback levels and sampling conditions.
Successfully performed 2D nanoscale imaging of out-of-plane fields at THz frequencies.

Conclusions:

The generalized phase-stepping algorithm offers a significant improvement for coherent sensing with LFI.
This method enables fast and reliable sensing with reduced data requirements.
The approach has broad applicability for sensing across THz, visible, and infra-red spectra.