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Primary Production01:06

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The total amount of energy acquired by primary producers in an ecosystem is called gross primary production (GPP). However, of this energy, producers use some for metabolic processes, and some is lost as heat, decreasing the amount of energy available to the next trophic level. The remaining usable amount of energy is called the net primary productivity (NPP). In terrestrial ecosystems, NPP is driven by climate, while light penetration and nutrient availability drive NPP in aquatic ecosystems.
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Prioritizing river basins for nutrient studies.

Anthony J Tesoriero1, Dale M Robertson2, Christopher T Green3

  • 1U.S. Geological Survey, Portland, OR, USA. tesorier@usgs.gov.

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|February 9, 2024
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Summary

Prioritizing nutrient research in US drainage basins is crucial. Two methods, "impact" and "variability," identify key areas for studying nutrient pollution effects on water quality and ecosystems.

Keywords:
Basin selectionFederal researchHydrologyMonitoring designNutrientsWater quality

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Hydrology
  • Ecology

Background:

  • Elevated nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fluxes cause significant environmental issues, including degraded drinking water, eutrophication, harmful algal blooms, climate change, and biodiversity loss.
  • Addressing these complex, large-scale problems necessitates strategic prioritization of research efforts in representative drainage basins.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and apply systematic, quantitative approaches for prioritizing drainage basins for nutrient research across the contiguous United States.
  • To identify basins most impacted by nutrient pollution and those exhibiting the greatest variability in nutrient sources and transport factors.

Main Methods:

  • Developed two geospatial data-driven approaches: an 'impact' approach and a 'variability' approach.
  • The 'impact' approach used variables for nutrient concentrations, sources, and receptor impacts (ecosystems, human health).
  • The 'variability' approach incorporated nutrient concentrations, source/transport factors, model accuracy, and receptor impacts.

Main Results:

  • Ranked 163 drainage basins nationally and within 18 hydrologic regions.
  • Nationally, 'impact' approach hotspots were in the Midwest; 'variability' approach hotspots were dispersed.
  • Regionally, the approaches identified different top-ranked basins in 15 of 18 regions, with 'variability' basins showing wider concentration ranges.

Conclusions:

  • The 'variability' approach is advantageous for studying how landscape factors influence surface-water quality and ecosystem health.
  • The 'impact' approach effectively targets areas with high nutrient concentrations and human development, indicating where mitigation actions could yield the greatest benefits for water resources and ecosystems.