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Published on: January 22, 2019
Association of sleep timings, duration, consistency, and chronotype with premyopia and myopia among Indian children
Azfira Hussain1, Arbaaz Mohammad1, Asha Tharsis1
1Myopia Clinic, Unit of Medical Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India.
Insights
Poor sleep habits like late bedtimes and insufficient sleep are linked to increased myopia risk in Indian children. Bedtime resistance, night waking, and daytime sleepiness also contribute to premyopia and myopia development.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Pediatrics
- Sleep Medicine
Background:
- Myopia and premyopia are significant concerns in pediatric populations.
- Understanding the role of sleep in visual development is crucial for early intervention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between sleep parameters (timings, duration, consistency, chronotype) and the prevalence of premyopia and myopia in Indian children.
- To identify specific sleep-related factors contributing to the risk of developing myopia and premyopia.
Main Methods:
- A hospital-based cross-sectional study involving 453 children aged 6-12 years.
- Cycloplegic autorefraction and ocular biometric tests were performed.
- The Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) and parental data assessed sleep and behavioral habits, analyzed using logistic regression.
Main Results:
- Children with myopia and premyopia showed significantly later bedtimes, shorter sleep duration, earlier weekday wake-up times, and longer weekend catch-up sleep compared to emmetropic children.
- Late bedtime and early weekday wake-up times were associated with an increased risk of myopia.
- Bedtime resistance, night waking, and daytime sleepiness scores were significantly linked to a higher risk of both premyopia and myopia.
Conclusions:
- Sleep quality components, specifically bedtime resistance, night waking, and daytime sleepiness, are significantly associated with an increased risk of developing premyopia and myopia in children.
- These findings highlight the importance of addressing sleep issues in the prevention and management of childhood myopia.
Background:
To explore the association of sleep timings, duration, consistency, and chronotype with premyopia and myopia among Indian children.
Methods:
This hospital-based cross-sectional study included 453 children, aged 6-12 years. Two myopia participants were selected for each individual with the corresponding premyopia or emmetropia. All children underwent cycloplegic autorefraction and ocular biometric tests. The Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) and parental information on behavioral habits were used to assess the association of sleep parameters with myopia and premyopia using logistic regression models.
Results:
Both myopia and premyopia exhibited significant late bedtime, short sleep duration, early wakeup time on only weekdays, and longer weekend catch-up sleep than emmetropia children (p < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, late bedtime (more than 24:00 a.m.) on weekdays (Odds ratio, OR = 3.63, 95% CI [0.74, 8.68]) as well as on free days (OR = 1.04, 95% CI [0.02, 8.08]); and early wake-up time only on weekdays (5:00-6:00 a.m., OR = 2.16, 95% CI [0.24, 6.76] and 06:00-07:00 a.m., OR = 2.42, 95% CI [0.51, 8.44]) were associated with increased risk of myopia (all p < 0.05) but not premyopia. After adjusting the confounding factors, when each of the eight CSHQ subscale components was analyzed, only bedtime resistance, night waking, and daytime sleepiness scores were significantly associated with a higher risk for premyopia and myopia (p < 0.05).
Conclusions:
The sleep quality components, including bedtime resistance, night waking, and daytime sleepiness, equally involve a higher risk for myopia as well as premyopia.
