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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2025

The Application of 1% Methylene Blue Dye As a Single Technique in Breast Cancer Sentinel Node Biopsy
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Determining Accurate Dye Combinations for Sentinel Lymph Node Detection: A Systematic Review.

Mark Swerdlow1,2, Kella L Vangsness1, Gavin T Kress1,2

  • 1From the Division of Plastic Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, Calif.

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. Global Open
|February 9, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Combining lymphatic dyes significantly improves sentinel lymph node (SLN) detection accuracy in cancer staging. Dye combinations offer superior results compared to single dyes, enhancing diagnostic capabilities for tumor spread.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Surgical Pathology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Lymphatic mapping using dyes is crucial for identifying tumor spread to lymph nodes.
  • The combination of blue dye and technetium-99 is the current gold standard for sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLN).
  • Various lymphatic dyes and combinations exist, but their detection efficacy varies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and compare the accuracy of different lymphatic dyes and combinations for sentinel lymph node detection.
  • To identify optimal dye combinations for improved SLN biopsy outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review of major scientific databases (PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Medline) was conducted.
  • Search terms included various lymphatic dyes, dye combinations, and cancer-related procedures like sentinel lymph node biopsy.
  • 34 studies, evaluating 89 methods with 22 unique tracers across 12,801 SLNs, were included in the analysis.

Main Results:

  • Dye accuracy in SLN detection ranged from 69.8% to 100%.
  • Five specific dye combinations achieved 100% accuracy in identifying sentinel lymph nodes.
  • Dye combinations demonstrated higher accuracy than single-dye applications.

Conclusions:

  • Combining lymphatic dyes enhances sentinel lymph node detection rates.
  • Indocyanine green (ICG) may serve as a viable alternative to technetium-99, potentially increasing accessibility to SLN procedures.
  • The ideal tracer should be cost-effective, visualize well without special equipment, and have no adverse effects.