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Effect of amlodipine on the circulating renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in healthy cats

Tatiana M Garcia Marrero1, Jessica L Ward1, Melissa A Tropf1

  • 1Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA.

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
|February 9, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Amlodipine besylate (AML) in cats activates both arms of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). This study in healthy cats shows AML increases key RAAS biomarkers, suggesting a broad systemic effect.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Pharmacology
  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Companion Animal Medicine

Background:

  • Systemic hypertension (SH) is a prevalent cardiovascular condition in aging cats.
  • Amlodipine besylate (AML) is a primary treatment for SH in cats.
  • The impact of AML on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in cats requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the systemic effects of AML on RAAS biomarkers in healthy cats.
  • To compare the influence of AML versus placebo on circulating RAAS markers.
  • To utilize RAAS fingerprinting to assess treatment-induced changes.

Main Methods:

  • A crossover study design involving 20 healthy cats.
  • Administration of AML (0.625 mg) or placebo orally once daily for 14 days.
  • Measurement of plasma AML and RAAS biomarker concentrations post-dosing, with analysis of 24-hour time-weighted averages.

Main Results:

  • AML treatment led to significant increases in plasma renin concentration (44%).
  • Markers of the classical RAAS pathway, including angiotensin I (59%) and angiotensin II (56%), were elevated.
  • The alternative RAAS pathway marker, angiotensin 1-7 (38%), also showed a significant increase with AML.

Conclusions:

  • Amlodipine besylate administration in healthy cats activates both classical and alternative RAAS pathways.
  • The findings suggest a non-specific systemic effect of AML on the RAAS in felines.
  • Further research may explore the clinical implications of this RAAS activation in cats treated with AML.
Abstract

Keywords:
angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitorblood pressurecardiovascular agents (pharmacology)feline (species)systemic hypertensionvasodilator

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