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Related Concept Videos

CRISPR01:59

CRISPR

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Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
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CRISPR and crRNAs02:53

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Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
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Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
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Caspases01:24

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Caspase, a family of cysteine proteases, serve as effectors in apoptosis. The ced3 gene in C.elegans was first identified to be involved in apoptosis. This gene encodes the ced-3 caspase that is similar to the interleukin-1-beta converting enzyme or ICE in mammals. In addition to apoptosis, caspases also function in the inflammatory response. Inflammatory caspases are essential in activating pro-inflammatory cytokines that recruit immune cells and block the replication of pathogens inside...
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Homologous Recombination02:31

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The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
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Updated: Jul 4, 2025

Selection-dependent and Independent Generation of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Gene Knockouts in Mammalian Cells
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CRISPR-controlled proteases.

Sam P B van Beljouw1,2, Stan J J Brouns1,2

  • 1Department of Bionanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2629 HZ, Delft, Netherlands.

Biochemical Society Transactions
|February 9, 2024
PubMed
Summary

CRISPR-Cas technology now targets proteins for cleavage, not just nucleic acids. This review focuses on Craspase, a key CRISPR-guided protease, exploring its mechanisms, applications, and future potential.

Keywords:
CRISPRCraspasecaspasesgRAMPproteasetype III

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • CRISPR-Cas systems are evolving beyond DNA/RNA targeting.
  • CRISPR-controlled proteases represent a new frontier in molecular manipulation.
  • Craspase is the most characterized CRISPR RNA-guided protease.

Approach:

  • Review of existing literature on CRISPR-guided proteases.
  • Analysis of Craspase's bioinformatic prediction and experimental data.
  • Evaluation of mechanistic, structural, and biotechnological aspects.

Key Points:

  • CRISPR-Cas systems now enable targeted protein cleavage.
  • Craspase's structure, function, and biotechnological applications are detailed.
  • Current knowledge gaps and future research avenues are identified.

Conclusions:

  • CRISPR-guided proteases, exemplified by Craspase, expand the CRISPR toolkit.
  • Understanding Craspase's intricacies unlocks new biotechnological possibilities.
  • Further research is crucial for advancing the field of CRISPR proteases.