Emerging Roles of Cullin-RING Ubiquitin Ligases in Cardiac Development

Josue Zambrano-Carrasco1, Jianqiu Zou1, Wenjuan Wang1

  • 1Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.

Cells
|February 9, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Culling-RING E3 ubiquitin ligases (CRLs) are crucial for heart development. This review explores how CRLs regulate cardiac morphogenesis and maturation, offering insights for treating heart diseases.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Molecular Cardiology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Heart development is a complex, time-sensitive process essential for preventing congenital heart disease, cardiomyopathy, and heart failure.
  • Understanding cardiac development's molecular mechanisms is key to developing novel therapies for cardiac ailments.
  • While transcriptional and epigenetic regulators are well-studied, post-translational mechanisms in cardiac development remain underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of how Culling-RING E3 ubiquitin ligases (CRLs) regulate cardiac morphogenesis and maturation.
  • To highlight the critical roles of CRLs in cellular, physiological, and pathological processes relevant to heart development.
  • To present future perspectives for advancing the comprehension of CRLs' function in cardiac development.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of studies investigating Culling-RING E3 ubiquitin ligases (CRLs) in heart development.
  • Analysis of existing data on the roles of CRLs in regulating protein ubiquitination and degradation.
  • Synthesis of findings on CRL-mediated control of cardiac morphogenesis and maturation processes.

Main Results:

  • Culling-RING E3 ubiquitin ligases (CRLs) are extensively involved in regulating approximately 20% of intracellular proteins.
  • Emerging evidence demonstrates critical roles for CRLs in diverse cellular and physiological processes, including development.
  • CRLs exhibit versatile regulatory functions throughout cardiac morphogenesis and maturation stages.

Conclusions:

  • Culling-RING E3 ubiquitin ligases (CRLs) play a significant, multifaceted role in governing cardiac development.
  • Further research into CRLs' mechanisms offers promising avenues for therapeutic strategies targeting congenital heart disease and other cardiac conditions.
  • Continued investigation into CRLs is essential for a comprehensive understanding of cardiac development and disease.

Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
2.6K
Role of Septins01:02

Role of Septins

Septins are the recently discovered fourth major protein component of the cytoskeleton, along with microfilaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments. These proteins can associate with other cytoskeletal filaments and carry out varied roles or can be free-floating in the cytoplasm.
Cellular Functions of Septins
Recent studies have revealed the multifaceted roles of septins in various cellular processes such as cytokinesis, ciliogenesis, and neurogenesis. Septins act as scaffolds and...
1.8K
Catenins01:23

Catenins

Catenins are characterized by multiple binding domains and dynamic structures that allow them to function as linker proteins in cell junction complexes. All catenins, except α-catenin, contain a characteristic protein sequence called the armadillo repeat and are therefore also called armadillo proteins.
Catenins in Cell Junctions
Catenins bind to cell adhesion molecules such as cadherins and link them to different cytoskeletal proteins depending on the type of cell junction. At the...
2.3K
Cadherins in Tissue Organization01:19

Cadherins in Tissue Organization

The cadherins are a superfamily of cell adhesion molecules comprising over 180 variants, with specific tissues expressing a particular combination of cadherin types. Cadherins generally exhibit homophilic binding; i.e., cadherins on one cell bind to cadherins of the same or closely related type on another cell. Thus, cells of the same type have a specific affinity to bind to each other and sort themselves into clusters to form tissues.
Cell Sorting During Development
Cell sorting plays an...
3.0K
Hedgehog Signaling Pathway02:33

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway

The Hedgehog gene (Hh) was first discovered due to its control of the growth of disorganized, hair-like bristles phenotype in Drosophila, much like hedgehog spines. Hh plays a crucial role in the development of organs and the maintenance of homeostasis in both invertebrates and vertebrates. However, while Drosophila has only one Hh protein, mammals have multiple functional Hedgehog proteins - Sonic (Shh), Desert (Dhh), and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh). All of these homologous proteins have adapted to...
7.4K
Structure of Cadherins01:25

Structure of Cadherins

The cadherins were one of the first cell adhesion molecules discovered; the term “cadherins”   is based on their calcium-dependent adhering properties. The first cadherins discovered on the epithelial, neuronal, and placental cells were named E-cadherin, P-cadherin, and N-cadherin, respectively. These classical cadherins share sequence and structural similarities. Other cadherins, including those involved in cell signaling, are grouped into non-classical cadherins. This...
3.3K