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Developmental changes in brain function linked with addiction-like social media use two years later.

Jessica S Flannery1, Kaitlyn Burnell1, Seh-Joo Kwon1

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Summary

Decreased brain responses to social feedback during puberty are linked to addiction-like social media use (ASMU) in adolescents. This pathway is associated with increased depression in girls, highlighting developmental risks.

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adolescencedepressionpubertysocial feedbacksocial media addiction

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Adolescent Health

Background:

  • Addiction-like social media use (ASMU) is prevalent in adolescents, correlating with negative health outcomes like depression.
  • Understanding the neural mechanisms underlying ASMU is crucial for developing targeted interventions.
  • Adolescence is a critical period of brain development, particularly in social reward circuitry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the developmental trajectories of neural social feedback processing in relation to ASMU.
  • To examine how changes in brain responsivity across puberty influence ASMU and depressive symptoms.
  • To explore gender differences in the relationship between neural development, ASMU, and depression.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study involving 103 adolescents (6th-11th grade) with 1-3 fMRI scans.
  • Utilized a social incentive delay task to measure brain responsivity to positive social feedback.
  • Assessed ASMU and depressive symptoms via self-report in later adolescence (10th-11th grade).

Main Results:

  • Decreased brain responsivity in the ventral medial prefrontal cortex, medial prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, and right inferior frontal gyrus across puberty was associated with higher ASMU.
  • Pubertal decreases in brain responsivity predicted increased ASMU.
  • Increased ASMU was linked to higher depressive symptoms in adolescent girls, but not boys, mediated by neural responsivity changes.

Conclusions:

  • Developmental decreases in neural responsivity to positive social feedback during puberty may represent a risk factor for ASMU.
  • The pathway from neural development to ASMU and subsequent depressive symptoms appears to be gender-specific, particularly affecting adolescent girls.
  • Early hyperresponsivity followed by pubertal decreases in social feedback processing could be key indicators for ASMU risk.