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Using Geographic Disaggregation to Compare Tuberculosis Epidemiology Among American Indian and Alaska Native
Yuri P Springer1, J Steve Kammerer2, Derrick Felix2
1Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, Atlanta, GA, USA. vkh3@cdc.gov.
Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities
|February 9, 2024
Summary
Tuberculosis (TB) incidence is 21 times higher in Alaska Native and American Indian (AI/AN) populations compared to other AI/AN groups. Substandard housing and distinct risk factors contribute to these disparities, requiring tailored public health interventions.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
- Health Disparities
Background:
- American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) populations face the highest tuberculosis (TB) rates in the USA.
- Significant variations in TB epidemiology exist among geographically distinct AI/AN subgroups.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically investigate TB patterns and their drivers in different AI/AN subgroups.
- To compare TB epidemiology between AI/AN individuals in Alaska and other US states.
Main Methods:
- Utilized National Tuberculosis Surveillance System data (2010-2020).
- Employed geographic data disaggregation to compare TB incidence and patient characteristics.
- Analyzed US Census data for housing condition disparities.
Main Results:
- AI/AN TB incidence in Alaska was 21 times higher than in other states.
- AI/AN TB patients in Alaska showed higher rates of recent transmission and prior TB diagnoses.
- AI/AN communities in Alaska had significantly more substandard housing conditions.
Conclusions:
- Distinct TB epidemiological profiles observed in AI/AN subgroups.
- Differences in patient characteristics and housing conditions highlight the need for tailored public health interventions.
- Findings suggest targeted strategies to improve TB control efficacy in AI/AN populations.
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