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Related Concept Videos

Yellow Fever01:18

Yellow Fever

Yellow fever is a viral hemorrhagic disease caused by the yellow fever virus (YFV), a member of the Flaviviridae family. It is transmitted primarily by Aedes and Haemagogus mosquitoes in tropical and subtropical regions of Africa and South America. After transmission through a mosquito bite, the virus initially replicates in skin-resident immune cells such as dendritic cells and macrophages. These cells then migrate to the lymph nodes, where viral replication increases, eventually leading to...

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Evaluating vector competence for Yellow fever in the Caribbean.

Gaelle Gabiane1,2, Chloé Bohers1, Laurence Mousson1

  • 1Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Arboviruses and Insect Vectors, Paris, France.

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|February 9, 2024
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Summary

Yellow fever (YF) may re-emerge in the Caribbean. Mosquitoes in Martinique are highly competent vectors for YF virus (YFV), posing a plausible threat to the region.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Entomology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Yellow fever (YF) is a mosquito-borne viral disease controlled by vaccination and vector control.
  • Despite control efforts, YF shows signs of re-emergence in Africa and South America.
  • The Caribbean has a history of devastating YF outbreaks, with the last reported in Martinique in 1908.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the vector competence of Aedes aegypti populations from the Caribbean for different Yellow fever virus (YFV) genotypes.
  • To evaluate the risk of YF re-emergence in Martinique and its potential spread.

Main Methods:

  • Collected fifteen Aedes aegypti mosquito populations from various locations.
  • Exposed these populations to five distinct YFV genotypes (Bolivia, Ghana, Nigeria, Sudan, Uganda).
  • Assessed and compared the vector competence (transmission success) of each mosquito population for each YFV genotype.

Main Results:

  • Aedes aegypti populations from the Caribbean and Americas successfully transmitted all five tested YFV genotypes.
  • YFV strains from Uganda and Bolivia demonstrated higher transmission success rates.
  • Mosquito populations from Martinique exhibited greater susceptibility to YFV infection compared to other tested populations.

Conclusions:

  • Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in Martinique are capable vectors for multiple YFV genotypes.
  • The susceptibility of Martinique's mosquito populations indicates a plausible threat of YF re-emergence.
  • This poses a risk for potential outbreaks in the Caribbean and beyond.